Sugarcane is an important cash crop cultivated extensively in tropical and subtropical regions. Fungal diseases are one of the major constraints in sugarcane production. They can cause significant yield losses and decrease the quality of the produce. Therefore, it is essential to implement effective plant protection measures for fungus control in sugarcane crop.
Some of the plant protection measures for fungus control in sugarcane crop are:
1. Crop rotation: Crop rotation is an effective way to control fungal diseases in sugarcane. Rotating sugarcane with legumes, cereals, or other non-susceptible crops can break the disease cycle and reduce the buildup of fungal pathogens in the soil.
2. Genetic resistance: Developing sugarcane varieties that have genetic resistance to most common fungal diseases is an effective means of control. Resistant varieties can significantly reduce the incidence and severity of fungal infections in sugarcane crops.
3. Fungicides: Fungicides are chemical agents used to control fungal diseases in sugarcane. They can be applied prophylactically or in response to an outbreak. However, excessive and indiscriminate use of fungicides can lead to the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains of fungi.
4. Cultural practices: Cultural practices such as proper sanitation, removal of infected plant debris, and timely harvesting can control the spread of fungal diseases in sugarcane crops. For instance, harvesting sugarcane before excessive rainfall can prevent the incidence of fungal infection.
5. Biological control: The use of beneficial microbes or fungi that antagonize plant pathogens is also a promising strategy for controlling fungal diseases in sugarcane. These include biocontrol agents like Trichoderma spp. and Bacillus spp.
In conclusion, sugarcane growers must implement a combination of plant protection measures for fungus control to maximise yield and maintain quality. Adopting a holistic approach that considers cultural practices, genetic resistance, biological control, and judicious use of fungicides will ensure sustainable sugarcane production.