Title: Sesame Sowing Season and Varieties for Thanjavur District
Introduction:
The cultivation of sesame, also known as “til” or “ellu,” has been a significant agricultural practice in the Thanjavur district of Tamil Nadu, India, for many years. The region’s favorable climate and fertile soil make it an ideal place for sesame cultivation. This article aims to discuss the sesame sowing season and highlight some prominent varieties grown in Thanjavur district.
Sesame Sowing Season:
In Thanjavur district, the sesame sowing season typically begins in the months of June and July. As monsoon showers start to grace the fields, farmers begin to sow sesame seeds. The onset of rain is crucial for providing moisture to the soil, promoting seed germination and subsequent growth. The cultivation period usually stretches until September or October, depending on weather conditions and the desired maturity of the crop.
Prominent Sesame Varieties:
1. TMV 5: TMV 5, also known as Karajana (Krishna), is a popular sesame variety cultivated in the Thanjavur district. This variety is known for its high yield and excellent seed quality. Additionally, TMV 5 adapts well to various soil types and exhibits resistance to common pests and diseases, making it a favored choice among farmers.
2. CO 4: CO 4 is another prevalent sesame variety cultivated in Thanjavur. This variety is known for its early maturity, taking approximately 90 to 100 days from sowing to harvesting. CO 4 exhibits good resistance to lodging and disease, making it a reliable option for farmers. It also yields high-quality seeds suitable for oil extraction.
3. Kalahasti Local: Kalahasti Local is a traditional variety of sesame grown in the Thanjavur district. It is known for its drought tolerance and robust growth, making it suitable for cultivation during uncertain weather conditions. Although this variety may have a slightly lower yield compared to hybrid varieties, it is treasured for its flavor and aroma-rich seeds.
Sesame Cultivation Practices:
Sesame cultivation in Thanjavur district follows certain recommended practices to ensure optimal growth and yield. Farmers prepare the land by plowing, harrowing, and applying well-decomposed organic manure. The seeds are either directly sown or transplanted, depending on the farmer’s preference. Adequate spacing between the plants is essential to allow air circulation and access to sunlight.
Farmers need to monitor the crop for pests such as aphids and diseases like leaf spot, and take appropriate measures to protect and prevent damage. Regular irrigation is necessary, particularly during dry spells. Harvesting is done manually when the plants start to turn yellow and the seeds inside the pods mature. After drying, the plants are threshed, and the seeds are further processed for various purposes, including oil extraction.
Conclusion:
Sesame sowing season in the Thanjavur district begins in June-July, coinciding with the monsoon period, and continues until September-October. Farmers in this region rely on quality seeds such as TMV 5, CO 4, and the traditional variety Kalahasti Local to ensure optimal yields and economic returns. By following recommended cultivation practices, the farmers contribute to the district’s sesame-growing heritage and support the thriving agricultural landscape in Thanjavur.