Bengal gram, also known as chana or chickpea, is an important crop in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. It is a rich source of protein, carbohydrates, and dietary fiber, and is used in a variety of traditional dishes such as chana masala and hummus. However, the yield of the crop is often hindered by various factors such as pests, diseases, and environmental stressors. Here are some tips on how to increase growth and production of Bengal gram crop.
1) Soil Preparation: Bengal gram crops require well-drained soil with a pH range of 6.0-7.5. Before planting, the soil should be plowed and leveled. Organic matter such as compost or manure can be added to improve soil fertility.
2) Seed Selection: Selecting healthy and disease-free seeds is crucial for a high yield crop. Seed treatment with fungicides and insecticides can also be done to protect against pests and diseases.
3) Proper Irrigation: For optimum growth and development, Bengal gram crops require adequate water. Irrigation should be done at regular intervals keeping in mind the water requirements of the crop. Drip irrigation is preferred as it not only saves water but also reduces the chances of waterlogging and disease incidence.
4) Fertilization: Bengal gram crops require nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for growth and development. Fertilizers should be applied in recommended doses at regular intervals. Organic fertilizers such as vermicompost and farmyard manure can also be used.
5) Pest and Disease Control: Pests such as pod borer, aphids, and thrips can significantly reduce the yield of Bengal gram crops. Effective pest control methods such as using insecticides and biopesticides should be employed. Diseases such as Fusarium wilt and Ascochyta blight can also cause significant yield losses. Disease-resistant varieties of Bengal gram should be used, and fungicides should be applied to protect the crops against fungal diseases.
6) Harvest Management: Harvesting should be done at the right time when the pods have completely matured. Delayed harvesting can reduce the quality and yield of the crop. After harvesting, the pods should be dried in the sun and threshed to separate the seeds from the pods.
In conclusion, by following the above practices, Bengal gram farmers can increase the growth and production of their crops. However, it is important to note that different regions may have unique soil, weather, and pest and disease management requirements. Farmers are advised to consult with local experts on best practices for growing Bengal gram in their areas.