Zinc is one of the essential micronutrients that play a crucial role in the growth and development of plants. However, zinc deficiency is prevalent in various crops, including the wheat crop. One of the reasons behind this deficiency is the soil’s inadequate zinc concentration, which can affect the growth, yield, and quality of the crop.
Symptoms of Zinc Deficiency in Wheat Crop
The first sign of zinc deficiency in wheat is noticed in the youngest leaves of the plant. These leaves start showing interveinal chlorosis (yellowing of leaf margins) that later turns into necrosis (leaf death). The yellowing or whitening of internodes is another symptom of zinc deficiency. Additionally, the stem and leaves of the wheat plant may start appearing brittle, and the plant may remain stunted, resulting in low yields.
Causes of Zinc Deficiency in Wheat Crop
Zinc deficiency in wheat crops is caused primarily by the soil’s low concentration of zinc. One of the primary reasons behind low soil zinc concentration is soil pH, which changes soil nutrient availability and uptake by plants. Higher soil pH (above 7.0) makes zinc unavailable to the plant, which may lead to zinc deficiency. Additionally, soil organic matter, soil type, and poor fertilization management can also contribute to zinc deficiency in wheat crops.
Effects of Zinc Deficiency on Yield and Quality of Wheat Crop
Zinc is essential to the proper growth and development of plants, including the wheat crop. A deficiency of this nutrient can lead to stunted growth, low yields, abnormal germination, and low quality of the wheat kernel. In addition, low zinc concentrations in the wheat grain can lead to zinc deficiency in livestock and humans who consume the wheat.
Management of Zinc Deficiency in Wheat Crop
Zinc deficiency in wheat crop is manageable through proper soil testing, zinc fertilization, and soil pH correction. Zinc fertilizers, such as zinc sulfate or chelated zinc, can be applied to the soil in appropriate quantities to supplement the soil’s low zinc levels. Additionally, soil pH can be managed by adding elemental sulfur or acidifying fertilizers. Crop rotation, proper tillage practices, and adequate irrigation can also aid in managing zinc deficiency in wheat crops.
Conclusion
Zinc deficiency is a widespread issue in wheat crops that can lead to severe yield and quality losses. Soil testing, proper zinc fertilization, and soil pH correction are some of the ways through which zinc deficiency can be managed. By taking these necessary steps, farmers can ensure that their wheat crop receives adequate zinc and can, as a result, grow to its full genetic potential.