Wilt in Bengal Gram, also known as Chickpea or Garbanzo bean, is a common disease that affects this leguminous crop. The wilt disease is caused by a soilborne fungus called Fusarium oxysporum. This fungus infects the roots of the Bengal Gram plant, causing them to wilt and eventually die. The disease is more prevalent in warm and humid climates, making it a major concern for farmers in regions where Bengal Gram is grown.
Symptoms of wilt in Bengal Gram include yellowing and wilting of leaves, stunted growth, and eventual death of the plant. Infected plants also exhibit poor pod development, leading to reduced yield. Once the disease is established in the soil, it can persist for several years, making it a recurring problem for farmers.
There are several strategies that farmers can use to manage wilt in Bengal Gram. Crop rotation with non-host plants, such as cereals or grasses, can help reduce the build-up of the Fusarium fungus in the soil. Proper irrigation and drainage practices can also help prevent the disease from spreading. In severe cases, farmers may need to use fungicides to control the spread of the disease.
It is important for farmers to monitor their Bengal Gram crops regularly for signs of wilt and take action early to prevent the spread of the disease. By implementing proper management practices, farmers can help protect their crops and ensure a healthy yield of Bengal Gram.