As one of the most important food crops in the world, gram (Cicer arietinum) is an essential source of protein, fiber, and other important nutrients. Despite its many benefits, however, gram crops face a major problem: wilt disease. Wilt disease is caused by a soil-borne fungus known as Fusarium oxysporum, which attacks gram plants and causes them to wilt and eventually die. Fortunately, there are many varieties of gram crop that have been developed to resist wilt disease, allowing farmers to grow healthy, productive crops year after year.
One of the most popular varieties of gram crop for wilt resistance is the desi type. Desi gram crops are known for their small size and hard outer coat, which makes them more resistant to pests and diseases. The most popular varieties of desi gram for wilt resistance include Pusa-372, Pusa-285, and Pusa-362, which have all been developed by the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI). These varieties are known to have great resistance to Fusarium wilt and other diseases that can harm gram crops.
Another type of gram crop that is known for its wilt resistance is the kabuli variety. Kabuli gram crops are larger than desi varieties and have a round shape with a smooth, thin outer coat. The most popular varieties of kabuli gram for wilt resistance include Kaka-2, CSJ-2011, and ICC-16641, which have all been developed by various agricultural research institutes around the world. These varieties are known to have high levels of resistance to Fusarium wilt and other diseases, as well as high yields and good quality.
In addition to these popular varieties of gram crop, there are also many other types of gram that have been developed specifically for their wilt resistance. Some of these varieties include the Lincoln, the Annigeri, and the Sanjay. Each of these varieties has its own unique set of qualities, making them suitable for different growing conditions and preferences.
Overall, the development of wilt-resistant gram crops has been a major breakthrough in the fight against Fusarium wilt and other diseases. Thanks to the hard work and dedication of agricultural researchers around the world, farmers are now able to grow healthy, productive crops that can withstand even the toughest conditions. By choosing the right variety of gram crop for wilt resistance, farmers can help protect their crops and ensure a steady supply of nutritious food for years to come.