Title: A Comprehensive Guide to Bengal Gram Crop Varieties
Introduction:
Bengal gram, also known as chickpea, is an important pulse crop cultivated all over the world. It holds immense economic and nutritional value, making it a staple ingredient in various cuisines. With several varieties of Bengal gram available, understanding their characteristics, growth requirements, and end-use can help farmers make informed decisions. In this article, we will explore some popular Bengal gram varieties and their distinct features.
1. Desi Bengal Gram:
Desi Bengal gram is the most commonly grown variety, accounting for a significant share of global chickpea production. It has small, angular-shaped seeds, usually brown or beige in color. Desi chickpeas are known for their robust tolerance to various environmental stresses such as drought and heat. They typically require a shorter growing season compared to other popular varieties.
2. Kabuli Bengal Gram:
Kabuli Bengal gram is easily recognizable by its large and light-colored seeds with a thin outer coat. This variety is commonly used for its culinary and industrial applications, like in the production of hummus, falafel, and canned chickpeas. Kabuli chickpeas take a longer time to mature compared to Desi varieties, requiring cooler temperatures and a longer growing season.
3. Green Bengal Gram:
Green Bengal gram, also known as Hari Chana, stands out for its unique green-colored seeds. This variety is primarily consumed fresh, as it provides a tangy flavor to salads and other dishes. Green chickpeas are commonly harvested when the pods are immature and tender. Farmers need to be attentive to pick them before they turn yellow and dry.
4. Australian Bengal Gram:
The Australian Bengal gram variety is known for its ability to adapt and perform well under different temperature and rainfall conditions. It is primarily cultivated in the wheat-growing regions of Australia. This variety differs from the traditional Desi type in terms of seed quality, growth patterns, and disease resistance.
5. Spanish Bengal Gram:
Spanish Bengal gram, or also known as bushel Bengal gram, is an early-maturing variety that requires a relatively short growing season. It is mainly cultivated in Spain and other European countries. Spanish chickpeas have a distinctive reddish-brown color and are prized for their excellent taste and cooking qualities.
Conclusion:
With numerous varieties available, Bengal gram offers great diversity in terms of seed color, shape, flavor, and growth requirements. By selecting the appropriate variety based on factors such as climate, soil quality, intended use, and market demand, farmers can optimize their yield and enhance profitability. Additionally, the ongoing research and development in Bengal gram breeding are continually introducing new improved varieties, making it an exciting crop for farmers to explore and experiment with.