As the heading stage of paddy is crucial for the growth and development of the crop, proper fertilizer management is essential to ensure maximum yield. The heading stage refers to the time when the flowers of the rice plant start to appear, and it lasts for about ten to fifteen days. During this stage, the plant requires different nutrients in specific quantities to support growth and development.
Nitrogen is an essential nutrient required in considerable amounts during the heading stage of paddy. It enhances the growth of the plant, improves the quality of grains, and increases the yield. It is best to apply nitrogen in split doses, with the first dose being applied at the tillering stage, and the remaining doses being applied during the heading stage. Typically, the recommended nitrogen dose is around 100-120 kg/ha. Additionally, it is advisable to use nitrogen in the form of urea, as it is the most readily available form of nitrogen.
Phosphorus is another important nutrient required during the heading stage of paddy. It plays a vital role in root development, seedling establishment, and early vigour of the plant. It also helps in the transfer of energy to various parts of the plant. The recommended dose of phosphorus is around 30-40 kg/ha, and it should be applied before transplanting the seedlings or basally.
Potassium is also an essential nutrient required during the heading stage of paddy. It helps in the development of strong stems, improves the resistance of the plant to diseases, and enhances yield potential. The recommended dose of potassium is around 50-60 kg/ha, and it should be applied before transplanting the seedlings or basally.
In addition to the above-mentioned nutrients, calcium, magnesium, and sulphur are also required in small quantities during the heading stage of paddy. Calcium is essential for cell growth and division, while magnesium helps in the formation of chlorophyll. Sulphur is required for protein synthesis and enzyme activity. The recommended dose of calcium is around 25-30 kg/ha, while that of magnesium and sulphur is around 10-15 kg/ha.
It is essential to maintain the pH of the soil between 5.5 and 6.5 during the heading stage of paddy. If the pH is too low or too high, it can lead to nutrient deficiencies or toxicity, affecting the growth and development of the plant. Additionally, it is advisable to maintain proper drainage to prevent waterlogging, which can lead to root damage and nutrient deficiency.
In conclusion, proper fertilizer management is crucial during the heading stage of paddy to ensure maximum yield. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are the primary nutrients required in specific quantities, along with calcium, magnesium, and sulphur in small quantities. It is essential to maintain the pH and proper drainage to ensure the effective uptake of nutrients by the plant. By following these practices, farmers can achieve higher yields and improve the quality of their crops.