Stem borer and leaf folder are major pests of paddy and basmati rice crops. These pests can cause significant damage to rice crops and reduce yield. It is, therefore, important to control their population to ensure a healthy crop.
The stem borer larvae bore into the rice stem and feed on the internal tissue, leading to stem breaking and death of the plant. On the other hand, leaf folder larvae fold the leaves and feed on the tissue, leading to stunted growth and reduced photosynthesis. Both pests can significantly impact the yield of the crop.
To control these pests, several methods can be employed. One of the most effective methods is chemical control, which involves the use of insecticides. Insecticides such as chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, and fipronil are commonly used to control these pests. These should be applied as soon as the pests are observed in the field.
Cultural practices such as crop rotation, timely planting, and the use of clean seedlings can also help to control the population of these pests. Crop rotation involves growing different crops in the same field each season, which reduces pest populations by disrupting their life cycle. Timely planting involves planting the crop at the right time, which can help to avoid peak pest activity. Using clean seedlings that are free from pests and diseases can also help to reduce pest populations.
Biological control is another method of controlling pests that involves the use of natural enemies to control pest populations. In rice crops, natural enemies such as spiders, parasitic wasps, and birds can be used to control stem borers and leaf folders.
In conclusion, stem borer and leaf folder are major pests of paddy and basmati crops. To control their populations, farmers should employ integrated pest management strategies that involve a combination of cultural practices, chemical control, and biological control. By doing so, they can ensure a healthy crop and maximize their yield.