Sowing Time, Fertilizer, and Seed Rate Information for Gram Crop
Gram, also known as chickpea or Bengal gram, is a versatile legume crop that has been cultivated for thousands of years. It boasts numerous health benefits and is an essential ingredient in many culinary dishes worldwide. If you’re planning to grow gram on your farm or in your garden, understanding the right sowing time, fertilizer requirements, and seed rate is crucial. Here, we provide you with valuable information to ensure a successful gram crop yield.
Sowing Time:
The optimal sowing time for gram crop depends on the region and the climate. Generally, gram requires a cool and dry climate during its growth period. In subtropical regions, sowing begins in October and November, while in tropical regions, it typically starts in November and December. Sowing at the right time ensures the crop avoids extreme temperatures during its reproductive and grain-filling stages.
Fertilizer Requirements:
Gram has moderate fertilizer requirements, and understanding the nutrient needs of this crop is essential for its healthy growth and higher yields. The primary nutrients essential for gram cultivation are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). Before sowing, it is advisable to conduct a soil test to determine the soil’s nutrient content accurately. Based on the soil test results, appropriate fertilizer applications can be made.
For gram, the recommended dosage of fertilizers per hectare is as follows:
Nitrogen (N): Apply 20-25 kg of nitrogen, ideally in the form of urea, as a basal dose during sowing. An additional 20 kg of nitrogen can be top-dressed at the flowering stage to support grain development.
Phosphorus (P): Apply 30-40 kg of phosphorus, typically in the form of diammonium phosphate (DAP), as a basal dose during sowing.
Potassium (K): Apply 20-25 kg of potassium, usually in the form of muriate of potash (MOP), during sowing.
Micronutrients: Along with the primary macronutrients, gram crops may benefit from the application of micronutrients like zinc, boron, and iron. These can be applied as per the recommendation of a soil test or in consultation with an agricultural expert.
Seed Rate:
The appropriate seed rate for gram cultivation may vary depending on factors such as seed type, the method of sowing, and local conditions. Typically, the recommended seed rate for gram cultivation is 80-100 kg per hectare if sowing is done by a seed drill. However, if sowing is manual, higher seed rates ranging from 100-125 kg per hectare may be required.
It is essential to procure certified gram seeds from a reliable source to ensure good quality and high germination rates. Sow the seeds uniformly at the recommended spacing, ensuring proper soil moisture for germination. Depending on the local conditions, seed treatment with bio-fungicides or fungicides may be advisable to protect against fungal diseases.
In conclusion, successful gram cultivation relies on adequate knowledge of the sowing time, fertilizer requirements, and seed rate. These factors play a crucial role in optimizing crop growth, yield, and overall profitability. By adhering to the prescribed guidelines and seeking advice from agricultural experts, you can develop a thriving gram crop and enjoy the benefits of this nutritious legume.