Seed rate is an essential factor that determines the yield potential of any crop. Sorghum or jwar is a widely cultivated cereal crop, which is crucial for food security in many developing countries, including India. The ideal seed rate of sorghum per acre depends on several factors, such as soil type, climate, variety, and cropping system. In this article, we will discuss the recommended seed rate of sorghum and the factors that influence it.
Sorghum is a hardy crop that can grow in a wide range of soils, from sandy to clayey soils. However, the soil should be well-drained and fertile for optimum growth. The climate requirement for sorghum is warm and dry weather with regular rainfall. Sorghum is also a good crop for intercropping with legumes, such as cowpea, soybean, and groundnut.
The seed rate of sorghum varies depending on the variety and cropping system. For sole crop, the recommended seed rate of sorghum is 25-30 kg/acre. However, if it is combined with legumes, the seed rate should be reduced to 20-25 kg/acre. In case of early sowing in favorable weather conditions, the seed rate can be decreased to 15-20 kg/acre.
It is crucial to select good quality seed for higher yield potential. The seed should be free from disease, pest infestations, and weed seed contamination. The seed should also have high germination capacity, good vigor, and good seedling emergence.
The spacing of sorghum also plays a crucial role in determining the seed rate. The recommended spacing for sorghum is 60 cm x 30 cm or 45 cm x 15 cm. The closer spacing requires a lower seed rate since it provides more plants per unit area.
The method of sowing also influences the seed rate of sorghum. The seed rate is higher in the drill method (25-30 kg/acre) compared to the broadcasting method (30-35 kg/acre). The broadcasting method requires a higher seed rate due to uneven distribution of seed and higher seedling mortality rate.
In conclusion, the recommended seed rate of sorghum per acre depends on several factors, such as soil type, climate, variety, cropping system, spacing, and sowing method. Following the recommended seed rate combined with good quality seed and proper agronomic practices can significantly enhance the yield potential of sorghum and contribute to food security.