Micronutrient Application in Bengal Gram Crop
Bengal gram, also known as chickpea, is an important pulse crop cultivated globally for its high protein content and applicability in both human and animal diets. While it is a hardy crop that can withstand a range of environmental stresses, its yield and quality can be significantly impacted by the availability or deficiency of micronutrients in the soil.
Micronutrients are essential plant nutrients that are required in only small quantities. They include zinc, iron, copper, manganese, boron, molybdenum, and chlorine. Each of these nutrients play a crucial role in the plant’s growth and development, and their deficiency can induce various symptoms such as stunted growth, yellowing of leaves, flower or fruit drop, and even plant death.
One of the most important micronutrients for Bengal gram is zinc. Zinc deficiency is common in many areas of chickpea cultivation, particularly in alkaline soils. Zinc plays a vital role in several enzymatic reactions, including photosynthesis and protein synthesis, and its deficiency can lead to poor seed development and yield reduction. The application of zinc sulphate at the time of sowing or as a foliar spray can significantly improve the yield and quality of chickpea.
Iron is another crucial micronutrient that is often deficient in chickpea cultivation, especially in high-pH soils. Iron is necessary for the synthesis of chlorophyll, which is essential for photosynthesis. The symptoms of iron deficiency include chlorosis and stunted growth. The application of chelated iron through soil drenching or foliar spraying can help to overcome the deficiency of iron in chickpea crops.
Copper is yet another important micronutrient required for plant development, particularly in root and shoot growth and the prevention of wilting. Copper deficiency in chickpea crops can lead to wilting of leaves and poor seed development. The application of copper sulphate can help overcome the deficiency of copper in chickpea crops.
In conclusion, the application of micronutrients in chickpea cultivation is essential for optimal growth and quality of the crop. With the use of modern scientific techniques, it is now possible to assess the nutrient status of the soil and apply the required amount of micronutrients for maximal chickpea yield. The use of fertilizers containing micronutrients or micronutrient sprays, combined with other best agronomic practices, can help farmers achieve high yields and profitability in chickpea cultivation.