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Irrigation Schedule in Urad Crop: Understanding the Water Requirement for Optimal Growth
Urad, also known as black gram, is an important pulse crop in India. It is a hardy crop and can grow in a variety of soil and weather conditions. However, like all crops, it requires adequate water for optimal growth and yield. In this article, we will discuss the irrigation schedule for urad crop based on its water requirement during different growth stages.
Water Requirement of Urad Crop
The water requirement of urad crop varies depending on several factors, such as soil type, weather condition, crop growth stage, and crop density. Generally, urad crop requires about 500-700 mm of water during the entire crop growth cycle, which can be achieved through rainfall and irrigation. However, the distribution of water should be planned properly to meet the crop’s water requirement during different stages of growth.
Irrigation Schedule for Urad Crop
The irrigation schedule for urad crop should be based on the crop’s growth stage, soil moisture level, and rainfall. The following are the recommended irrigation schedule for urad crop during different growth stages:
1. Pre-sowing irrigation: Before sowing the urad crop, it is essential to prepare the soil by providing enough moisture. Generally, a pre-sowing irrigation of 25-30 mm is recommended to ensure proper germination.
2. Vegetative stage (0-30 days after sowing): During the vegetative stage, urad requires frequent irrigation to maintain the soil moisture level. Generally, 2-3 irrigations of 25-30 mm each are recommended during this stage.
3. Flowering and pod development stage (30-60 days after sowing): This is a critical stage for urad crop as it determines the yield and quality of the produce. During this stage, the plant requires around 30-40 mm of water per week. Therefore, 2-3 irrigations of 25-30 mm each are recommended during this stage.
4. Maturity and harvesting stage (60-90 days after sowing): During this stage, the crop requires less water as the growth rate slows down. Therefore, one or two light irrigations of 25-30 mm each are recommended, based on soil moisture levels.
In addition to the above-mentioned schedule, it is essential to monitor the soil moisture level regularly and adjust the irrigation schedule accordingly. Overwatering can cause waterlogging, which can lead to root rot and other diseases. Underwatering, on the other hand, can reduce crop yield and quality.
Conclusion:
Proper irrigation management is essential for the growth and yield of urad crop. A well-planned irrigation schedule based on crop growth stage, soil moisture level, and rainfall can help farmers achieve optimal yield and quality. Regular monitoring of soil moisture level and timely adjustment of the irrigation schedule is necessary to avoid water stress or waterlogging. By following the right irrigation practices, farmers can ensure sustainable management of water resources and increase their profits.