Bengal gram is an important legume crop that is grown in many parts of the world. This crop requires proper irrigation management to achieve high productivity and quality. In this article, we will discuss irrigation management details for Bengal gram crop.
1. Irrigation scheduling: Irrigation scheduling is an important aspect of irrigation management. Bengal gram requires irrigation at different growth stages. The first irrigation should be given immediately after sowing. The second irrigation should be given at the vegetative stage, and the third irrigation should be given at the flowering stage. The other irrigations can be given at 10-15 days interval depending on the soil type and climate.
2. Irrigation methods: The most common irrigation methods for Bengal gram are furrow irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, and flood irrigation. Drip irrigation is the most efficient irrigation method for Bengal gram crop as it can save water and increase the yield by providing water directly to the roots.
3. Water requirement: Bengal gram requires about 450-500 mm of water during its growth period. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged to avoid waterlogging and root rot.
4. Soil moisture measurement: It is important to monitor soil moisture to determine when to irrigate the crop. The soil moisture can be measured using a soil moisture sensor or by observing the soil texture and color.
5. Soil type: The soil type plays an important role in irrigation management. Sandy soils require more frequent irrigation as they drain water quickly, while clay soils retain water for longer periods.
6. Rainfall: Bengal gram crop heavily depends on the rainfall. In case of low rainfall, additional irrigation should be provided to meet the water requirement of the crop.
7. Water quality: Irrigation water quality can adversely affect the growth and productivity of the Bengal gram crop. Saline water should be avoided for irrigation as it can lead to salt accumulation in the soil and affect plant growth.
In conclusion, proper irrigation management is essential for the successful cultivation of Bengal gram crop. Irrigation scheduling, irrigation method, water requirement, soil moisture measurement, soil type, rainfall, and water quality should be considered while irrigating the Bengal gram crop. Proper irrigation management can enhance the yield, quality, and sustainability of the crop.