As one of the earliest cultivated crops in human history, pea has been grown for centuries in different regions of the world. Peas are rich in protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals, which makes them a nutritious food source. However, to achieve high yield and quality of pea crops, it is important to apply the proper fertilization management.
Fertilizers can be beneficial for pea growth by providing the necessary nutrients required for plant growth and development. When it comes to the amount and type of fertilizer to use, several factors should be considered, including soil type, nutrient availability, pea variety, and environmental conditions.
Before sowing pea, it is essential to test the soil fertility to determine the availability of essential nutrients. Soil tests can provide information on the soil pH, organic matter content, and nutrient levels. The results of the soil test will help determine the appropriate fertilization program for pea cultivation.
In general, pea requires moderate amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The amount of fertilizer required varies depending on the soil fertility level, plant requirements, and the expected yield. Generally, for every acre of pea grown, growers should apply about 60-80 lbs of nitrogen, 40-60 lbs of phosphorus, and 40-60 lbs of potassium, depending on soil test results.
While nitrogen is essential for vegetative growth, too much nitrogen can delay flowering and reduce the number of pods and seeds produced. On the other hand, phosphate is needed for strong root development and crop maturity of the pea plant. Potassium is important for overall plant growth and development, including stress tolerance, photosynthesis, and water regulation.
Apart from the primary nutrients, pea also requires secondary nutrients, such as calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. These nutrients are essential for optimal growth and are often provided through soil amendments such as dolomite lime and gypsum.
To achieve optimal nutrient uptake and avoid nutrient loss, it is advisable to apply fertilizers at the right time and in the right amounts. It is recommended to apply fertilizers at planting or during the early stage of pea growth when the plants need the nutrients the most. Split applications of fertilizers can also be used to prevent nutrient leaching and ensure proper distribution of nutrients throughout the growing season.
In conclusion, proper fertilization management is crucial for a successful pea crop. The amount and type of fertilizer to use for sowing pea depend on various factors such as soil fertility level, plant requirements, and expected yield. A soil test will help determine the nutrient requirements, and fertilizers should be applied at the right time and in the right amounts to ensure optimal growth, yield, and quality of the pea crop.