Cotton is one of the most important cash crops in the world, making it vital for farmers to achieve high yields. Fertilizer application is critical in achieving this goal, as it provides the nutrients necessary for growth and development. In this article, we will discuss the recommended fertilizer dose for cotton and the timing of fertilizer application.
Fertilizer Dose
The fertilizer dose for cotton usually depends on the soil type, crop yield potential, and the availability of essential nutrients. Generally, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are the most essential nutrients needed in cotton growth. A balanced fertilizer ratio of 2:2:1 NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) is usually applied to meet the crop’s nutrient needs fully.
During the cotton seedling stage, a starter fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is applied to provide the necessary nutrients for early growth. The application rate for this stage is about 20-30kg/ha. During the vegetative stage, nitrogen, and potassium application is increased to promote stem and leave growth.
Nitrogen is needed in high quantity, and it should be split into two or three applications during the vegetative stage. The first nitrogen application is done at the end of the seedling stage, and the remaining application is done in split doses during the vegetative stage. A recommended nitrogen application for cotton is about 100-120 kg/ha in total.
Phosphorus is needed for proper root development and increased flower formation in cotton. It is usually applied during the cotton squaring stage at about 50 kg/ha. Potassium is also essential for cotton’s vegetative growth and disease tolerance. It is usually applied in three applications during the vegetative stage at about 60-80 kg/ha.
Timing of Fertilizer Application
Fertilizer application timings in cotton are critical because the crop has different nutrient requirements at different growth stages. The initial fertilizer should be applied before planting or during seedling a stage when the soil is freshly plowed. The subsequent applications are done during the crop’s vegetative phase until the crop reaches the reproductive stage.
The first application of fertilizers should be done two to three weeks after planting and followed by two to three more applications based on the availability of essential nutrients in the soil. It is important to note that nitrogen should be applied in smaller doses during the vegetative stage to prevent excessive vegetative growth and late flowering dates.
In conclusion, cotton farmers should apply the correct fertilizer dose and at the right time during the crop’s growth stage to achieve significant yield potential. Proper nutrient management not only enhances cotton productivity but also improves its quality. Farmers should consult with agricultural experts for professional advice on fertilizer management in cotton cultivation.