As cotton is one of the most important cash crops in several countries, farmers must use the right fertilizer dose at the right time to ensure optimal growth and yield. In this article, we’ll discuss vital information concerning fertilizer dose and timing of fertilizer application in cotton production.
Fertilizer Dose
The fertilizer dose and type of fertilizer required for cotton depend on the soil nutrient status, climate, and water availability. Generally, cotton requires nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in varying proportions. Nitrogen is essential for vegetative growth, and cotton requires approximately 150-200 kg of nitrogen per hectare. Phosphorus and potassium are necessary for flower bud initiation, fiber quality, and yield, and cotton requires between 60-80 kg of phosphorus and potassium per hectare.
The amount of fertilizer required depends on the soil nutrient status, with soil tests conducted before planting to determine the soil nutrient status. The results of the soil test will determine the amount and type of fertilizer to apply. The application should be done in a way that optimizes the use of nutrients, reduces nutrient losses, and minimizes environmental pollution.
Timing of Fertilizer Application
The timing of fertilizer application in cotton is critical to maximize yields and efficiency of fertilizer use. Cotton requires regular applications of nitrogen to support vegetative growth, followed by phosphorus and potassium for flowering and fiber quality development. A recommended practice is to split the fertilizer application for each nutrient throughout the growing season, rather than applying it all at once.
The first application of nitrogen fertilizer should be done at planting, followed by another application at the four-to-six-leaf stage, with subsequent applications every two-to-three weeks until flowering. The application of phosphorus and potassium should be done at planting or at the four-to-six-leaf stage.
Conclusion
Cotton requires the right fertilizer dose and timing of application for optimal growth and yield. Farmers must conduct soil tests to determine the soil nutrient status and apply fertilizers in a way that maximizes nutrient uptake, reduces nutrient losses, and minimizes environmental pollution. With proper fertilizer management practices, cotton farmers can improve yield and quality of their crop.