As one of the most important crops worldwide, paddy or rice cultivation requires proper care and management for optimal yield. One of the critical factors in paddy farming is the appropriate use of fertilizers. With the right dosage and application methods, fertilizers can significantly enhance the growth and yield of rice plants.
One of the essential nutrients for paddy plants is nitrogen. It is responsible for the development of foliage and stems, and some of it is also incorporated into the grain. The recommended dose of nitrogen for paddy crop varies depending on the variety, stage of crop growth, soil condition, and climate. Typically, the nitrogen dosage for paddy ranges between 100 to 120 kg per hectare. The amount of nitrogen fertilizers can be divided into two or three split applications, depending on the duration of the crop and regional weather conditions.
Phosphorus is another vital nutrient that plays an important role in the growth and development of both the roots and the plant’s overall structure. Paddy crops require about 20 to 25 kg of phosphorus per hectare. The application of phosphorus-based fertilizers is recommended immediately before or during planting.
Potash or potassium is crucial for the growth and development of the rice plant panicles, which are responsible for the harvestable yield. The use of potash improves the plant’s resistance to diseases and environmental stress. The recommended dose of potash for paddy varies between 25 to 50 kg per hectare, depending on the soil testing and analysis results.
Apart from these three primary nutrients, paddy crops also require secondary nutrients and micronutrients such as sulfur, manganese, iron, zinc, and copper, in small amounts. The application of these nutrients should be fine-tuned according to the soil requirement and the plant’s deficiency symptoms, which can be determined by a soil test.
In conclusion, the appropriate dosage of fertilizers is critical for the optimal growth and yield of paddy crops. A balanced and timely application of fertilizers based on soil composition, crop stage, and regional climate can significantly improve the crop’s health, yield, and quality. Additionally, integrated nutrient management practices that include the use of organic fertilizers can also improve the soil’s fertility and sustainability.