Peas are a popular crop in many parts of the world, but they are susceptible to various fungal diseases that can significantly reduce their yield and quality. The control of these diseases is essential for the successful production of peas, and this article provides essential information on how to control fungal diseases in pea effectively.
1. Understanding the common fungal diseases in pea
Before implementing any control measures, it is crucial to understand the type of fungal diseases that affect pea. The most common fungal diseases include powdery mildew, Fusarium wilt, downy mildew, and Ascochyta blight.
2. Cultural management practices
The cultural management of peas can significantly reduce the impact of fungal diseases. Crop rotation, proper irrigation management, and the use of high-quality seeds with better resistance to fungal diseases are some of the strategies that can help limit infection. Further, avoiding the planting of peas close to other crops like potatoes, which are known to be carriers of fungal diseases, is also essential.
3. Chemical control
Chemical control through fungicides is the primary method used to control fungal diseases in pea. It is essential to choose the appropriate fungicide to ensure it is effective against the specific fungal disease present in the crop. Additionally, the timing of application and dosage are crucial for the fungicide’s effectiveness.
4. Biological control
Biological control is an environmentally friendly method that involves the use of organisms like bacteria, fungi, and viruses to control fungal diseases. For example, Trichoderma fungi have been found to be effective in controlling the growth of Ascochyta blight and other related fungal diseases.
5. Integrated pest management
Integrated pest management (IPM) is a holistic approach that combines different control methods to manage fungal diseases in pea effectively. This approach involves constantly monitoring the pest populations, selecting the appropriate control method, and following up to ensure the effectiveness of the chosen control method.
In conclusion, the control of fungal diseases in pea is a process that requires a combination of different strategies. Crop rotation, proper irrigation management, and the use of high-quality seeds are the cultural management practices that can help in limiting fungal infections. On the other hand, chemical control, biological control, and integrated pest control are the different approaches that farmers can use to control fungal diseases in pea effectively.