Cotton (Narma) is one of the most significant cash crops in the world, and its cultivation requires proper care and management. Fertilizer is one of the most important inputs that affect the yield and quality of the cotton crop. Fertilizers provide the essential nutrients required for the growth of the crop, and their optimal application ensures maximum yield and plant health.
Before sowing, a soil test must be done to determine the nutrient status and pH level of the soil. Based on the soil analysis, the fertilizer requirement of the crop can be determined, and the right dose and combination of nutrients can be recommended.
The fertilizer dose for cotton crop generally consists of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). Nitrogen is essential for the growth of the plant and plays a vital role in the formation of leaves, stems, and reproductive structures. Phosphorus is necessary for the development of roots and buds, and it enhances the quality of the cotton fiber. Potassium promotes the growth of the plant, improves water uptake, and makes the plant more resistant to environmental stress.
The recommended dose of nitrogen for cotton crop is usually between 80 to 120 kg/ha. The application of nitrogen should be done in split doses, with the first dose given at the time of sowing and subsequent doses during the vegetative stage. Generally, 40 to 50 kg/ha of phosphorus is recommended for cotton crop, applied in a single dose during sowing. The recommended dose of potassium is usually 40 to 60 kg/ha, applied in a split dose during the vegetative stage.
Other micronutrients that are essential for the growth and development of cotton crop include sulfur, manganese, zinc, and boron. These nutrients are required in smaller quantities but are vital for the optimal growth and yield of the crop.
In conclusion, the right fertilizer dose and application method are critical for the success of cotton cultivation. Farmers should conduct soil tests, follow recommended fertilizer guidelines, and use high-quality fertilizers for optimal yield and quality of the cotton fiber.