Sure! Here’s an article containing information about seed treatment of gram:
Title: A Guide to Seed Treatment Techniques for Gram (Chickpea)
Introduction:
Gram, also known as chickpea or Bengal gram, is an important legume crop cultivated for its nutritious seeds. To ensure healthy plant growth and maximize yields, seed treatment plays a crucial role. Seed treatment involves applying various techniques to improve seed quality, protect against diseases, and enhance their germination and establishment. In this article, we will discuss different seed treatment methods for gram to help you achieve better outcomes in your crop production.
1. Seed Cleaning:
Before initiating the seed treatment process, it is vital to remove any foreign matter, broken or damaged seeds, and other impurities from the seeds. Seed cleaning can be carried out either manually or using mechanical seed cleaning equipment. Clean seeds provide a healthier start to the crop and reduce the risk of disease transmission.
2. Seed Disinfection:
To prevent the occurrence of seedborne diseases, it is recommended to disinfect the seeds. Treating gram seeds with appropriate disinfectants helps eliminate fungi, bacteria, and other harmful pathogens present on the seed surface. Fungicides like carbendazim or thiram can be employed for seed disinfection. Follow the recommended dosage and instructions provided by the manufacturer for effective seed treatment.
3. Seed Priming:
Seed priming is an advantageous technique wherein the seeds are hydrated before sowing, but not to the extent of germination. By providing a short soaking period, typically 12 to 24 hours, the seed’s metabolic activity initiates, enhancing germination and seedling vigor. Primed seeds show improved emergence, increased early growth, and greater resistance to stress conditions.
4. Seed Inoculation:
Gram plants form a symbiotic association with Rhizobium bacteria present in the soil to fix atmospheric nitrogen. However, in some cases, the soil may lack sufficient beneficial Rhizobium strains. Seed inoculation with compatible Rhizobium strains can enhance the availability of nitrogen to the plants, boosting their growth and yield. Use commercially available inoculants and follow the recommended procedures for effective inoculation.
5. Seed Coating:
Seed coating involves treating seeds with a thin layer of protective material, such as powdered fungicides, insecticides, or nutrients. Coating the seeds aids in disease and pest protection, offsets nutritional deficiencies, and enhances seed visibility during sowing. Commercially available seed coating materials can be used, or you can opt for customized coatings based on your specific requirements.
6. Storage:
After seed treatment, ensure proper storage conditions to maintain seed quality. Keep the treated seeds in a well-ventilated area, away from moisture and direct sunlight. Proper storage prevents seed damage and maintains their viability until sowing.
Conclusion:
Seed treatment is a crucial step for enhancing the quality, germination, and vigour of gram seeds. By incorporating the discussed seed treatment techniques such as cleaning, disinfection, priming, inoculation, seed coating, and proper storage, farmers can mitigate the risk of diseases, improve germination rates, and ultimately achieve healthier and higher-yielding gram crops. Adequate seed treatment measures combined with appropriate agronomic practices will pave the way for a successful gram farming venture.