White Fly Attack in Soybean Crop: Tips on Control Measures
Soybean crops are prone to several pests and diseases that can damage and reduce the yield of the crop. Whitefly is one such insect pest that threatens this crop. Whiteflies are tiny, winged insects that belong to the order Hemiptera. They are notorious for piercing through the plants’ cells and feeding on the juices, causing significant damage and even death in some cases. In soybean crops, whiteflies can cause yellowing, wilting, and stunted growth. If left uncontrolled, they can lead to significant crop losses. Here are some tips to help farmers control white fly attacks in soybean crops.
1. Monitoring: The first step to controlling whiteflies in soybean crops is to monitor the crops frequently. Early detection of infestation can help prevent its spread, and before it causes irreversible damage, it’s always better to keep an eye on the plants for early warning signs. Some of the signs to watch out for include yellowing or wilting leaves, small white specks on the underside of leaves, and sticky honeydew-like residue on the leaves.
2. Crop Rotation: Crop rotation is an effective preventive measure in controlling whiteflies in soybean crops. Planting soybean continuously in the same field for many years can increase the chances of whitefly infestation. Crop rotation with non-legume crops like maize and cereals can help reduce the number of whiteflies in the field by depriving them of food.
3. Biological Control: There are several biological control methods that farmers can use to control whiteflies. Predatory insects like ladybugs, lacewings, and parasitic wasps feed on whiteflies. Introducing these insects in the fields can help control white fly attacks. Farmers can also use products that contain beneficial microbes that compete with white flies. Some microbes stimulate the plant’s natural defense mechanisms, making them more resistant to pests and diseases.
4. Chemical Control: Chemical control methods should be used only when other control methods have failed. It’s always advisable to consult with an agricultural specialist before using any chemical control product. Farmers should ensure they follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer to prevent any harm to the crop. Insecticides like neem oil spray or horticultural oils can be used to control whiteflies in soybean crops.
5. Hygiene and Sanitation: Good hygiene and sanitation practices are essential in preventing whitefly infestation. Farmers should avoid over-fertilizing the crop with nitrogen fertilizer, which may attract whiteflies. Removing weed hosts and infected plant debris can also help prevent the spread of whiteflies.
In summary, farmers can have a better chance of controlling whitefly attacks in soybean crops by monitoring, crop rotation, biological control, chemical control, and hygiene and sanitation practices. It’s always better for farmers to take preventive measures and control the infestation before it becomes severe as this can help minimize crop loss.