Wheat is a staple crop worldwide, and therefore, its productivity is essential for global food security. However, wheat crops are vulnerable to different biotic and abiotic stresses, which may affect its quality and quantity. One such stress that wheat crops often face is yellowing or stunted growth. In this article, we will discuss some effective measures for improving yellowness and growth in wheat crops.
1. Soil testing
Soil testing is a crucial step in improving the yield of your wheat crop. The soil test will show you the nutrients and fertility of your soil. After the testing, you can add fertilizers to the soil to improve soil fertility, which in turn will help with the growth of your wheat crop. Always aim for the optimal pH level, which is between 6.0 and 6.5.
2. Crop rotation
Crop rotation is the practice of alternating crops to help fight off pests, improve soil health, and reduce soil erosion. Wheat crops should not be planted in the same area twice in a row; instead, you should alternate different crops in the same field. By doing so, the soil will get a break from the wheat crop’s nutrients, and the subsequent crops planted will utilize nutrients that the wheat didn’t.
3. Proper irrigation strategy
Water management is essential for any crop, and wheat is no exception. Proper irrigation helps maintain the soil’s water level and reduces stress on the crops. Over-irrigation can lead to waterlogging, which can cause root rot diseases, which eventually leads to yellowing of the plants. Therefore, know how much water your soil type requires, and adjust the irrigation system accordingly.
4. Pest management strategy
Pests like aphids, thrips, and mites can cause stress, transmit diseases, and reduce the growth of wheat crops. Employ Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies to reduce the ailment levels of pests. Use biopesticides, insecticides, or other management techniques as an IPM practice to improve wheat crop growth.
5. Choose the right cultivar
Some wheat cultivars are better at withstanding different types of environmental stress like drought or diseases. By planting the right cultivar, you can reduce the crop’s vulnerability, improve the yield, and reduce yellowing.
6. Proper tillage strategy
Tillage helps mix and aerate soils, improve drainage, and prepare soil for planting wheat crops. However, the soil should be properly tilled. Over-tillage can lead to soil erosion, while under-tillage can maintain compact soils that lead to waterlogging. Choose the right tillage strategy for your soil to improve wheat crop growth.
In conclusion, yellowness and stunted growth can be a significant problem for farmers growing wheat crops. However, with proper soil testing, crop rotation, irrigation, pest management, cultivar selection, and tillage practices, you can avoid stunted growth and maximize your wheat crop yield. Following such measures will lead to better prospects for food security and profitability.