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Gram, also known as chickpeas, are an important crop around the world, with numerous uses in food, animal feed, and even in the production of industrial products. However, gram crops are also susceptible to fungal infections that can significantly reduce yield and quality. As a gram farmer, it is important to know how to control fungal infections in the crop to ensure maximum yield and quality. In this article, we will outline some steps that you can take to minimize the impact of fungal infections in gram crop.
1. Soil-borne Disease Management
Fungal infections in gram crop are often soil-borne. Therefore, it is important to apply proper soil and crop management techniques. Before planting gram, it is important to ensure the soil has the right pH, drainage, and moisture level conditions, which can prevent the growth and development of fungal spores. Crop rotation and intercropping with other crops can also help control fungal infection.
2. Use Disease-free Seeds
It is important to use disease-free seeds when planting. When purchasing seeds, check for any signs of fungal infection or diseases. You may also choose to treat the seeds with fungicide before planting to ensure the seeds are free of any fungal spores.
3. Use Proper Agricultural Practices
Proper farming techniques go a long way in controlling fungal infections in gram crops. Always ensure to keep the fields clean, remove weeds, and follow proper irrigation and pest management practices. Avoid over-watering crops as it promotes the growth and development of fungi. Also, harvesting the crop at the correct time, and drying them fully before storage, will help reduce the chances of fungal infection.
4. Use Fungicides
Using fungicides can help control and prevent fungal infections in gram crop. However, it is important to seek professional advice before using any fungicides to ensure they are the right ones for the particular type of fungal infection. There are numerous fungicides available on the market, but an expert will be able to help you choose the appropriate fungicide, and provide guidance on the right dosage and application methods.
5. Soil-less Cultivation
Soil-less cultivation, such as hydroponics, can help reduce fungal infections in gram crop. Soil-less cultivation removes the risk of soil-borne diseases, which can greatly enhance crop yield.
In summary, proper soil-borne disease management, using disease-free seeds, using proper agricultural practices, using fungicides, and soil-less cultivation, all go a long way in preventing and controlling fungal infections in gram crop. By taking steps to control fungal infections, you will improve crop yield and quality, and maximize your returns as a gram farmer.