Sure, here is an article on Groundnut Leaf Yellow (Chlorosis) Problem:
Groundnut, also known as peanut or arachis hypogaea, is an important leguminous plant that is widely grown around the world for its oil-rich seeds. However, like all crops, groundnut is susceptible to a variety of diseases and pests, including a condition known as groundnut leaf yellow or chlorosis.
Chlorosis is a plant disorder characterized by the yellowing of the leaves due to a lack of chlorophyll, which is essential for photosynthesis. Chlorosis can occur in many crops, and it can be caused by a variety of factors such as nutrient deficiencies, soil pH imbalance, root damage, or viral infection.
In groundnut, chlorosis can be a serious issue, as it can reduce the plant’s ability to produce yields and, ultimately, affect the farmer’s profit. Chlorosis in groundnut is often caused by iron (Fe) deficiency in the soil. Groundnut plants require sufficient amounts of Fe to produce chlorophyll and prevent the yellowing of leaves.
Iron deficiency in the soil can occur for several reasons, including poor soil drainage, high pH, or over-fertilization with certain nutrients, such as phosphorus. The signs of chlorosis usually begin to show on the younger leaves of the plant, which become yellow or pale green in color. The veins of the leaves may remain green, giving them a mottled appearance. Over time, the leaves may become brittle and fall off the plant.
To prevent groundnut leaf yellow, it is important to have a soil test to confirm the nutrient availability in the soil. Soil with chlorosis must be fertilized with iron-rich fertilizers, such as ferrous sulfate, or chelated iron compounds that can be easily absorbed by the plant. Groundnut plants that show yellowing should also be checked for viral infections and to diagnose the issue correctly.
In addition to proper fertilization, soil pH and drainage should also be addressed to correct iron deficiency in the soil. Groundnut needs a soil pH range of 6.0-7.0, which is slightly acidic to neutral. If soil pH is higher, then the addition of acidic fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate and acid-forming organic matter such as peat, to lower soil pH level.
In summary, groundnut leaf yellow or chlorosis is a significant problem affecting peanut farming globally. It is caused by the soil’s Fe deficiency that hinders the plant’s ability to produce chlorophyll, which affects photosynthesis and hence the overall yield. To prevent the problem, farmers must regularly monitor their soil nutrient levels, maintain the soil pH as per the requirement and ensure the plant gets adequate nutrition. Taking these measures will help to keep the plant healthy and productive, leading to profitable farming.