Foliar spray is a technique used to apply liquid fertilizers or other chemicals directly onto the leaves of crops. This technique has shown potential for increasing the grain yield of wheat by providing the essential nutrients needed for the growth and development of the plant.
The foliar spray technique involves spraying a solution of liquid fertilizer onto the leaves of the wheat plant during the growing season. The liquid is absorbed by the plant through the stomata, which are small pores on the surface of the leaves where the exchange of gases and water occurs. The nutrients in the liquid are then transported to the different parts of the plant, including the roots, stems, and developing grains.
Research studies have shown that the application of foliar spray can significantly increase grain yield of wheat. One study conducted in India found that a foliar spray of urea mixed with potassium nitrate and micronutrients resulted in a 13.7% increase in grain yield compared to the control group. Another study conducted in Iran found that a foliar spray of zinc sulfate increased grain yield by 14.7%.
The effectiveness of foliar spray for increasing grain yield of wheat depends on the nutrient content and concentration of the fertilizer spray, as well as the timing of application. It is recommended to apply the foliar spray during the reproductive stage of the wheat plant, when the grains are developing and require high levels of nutrients.
Apart from increasing grain yield, foliar spray can also improve the quality of wheat grain. Studies have shown that foliar spray of nitrogen fertilizers can increase the protein content of wheat grain, which is an important factor for the production of high-quality flour.
In conclusion, foliar spray is a valuable technique for increasing grain yield and quality of wheat. It provides a convenient and effective way to supply the required nutrients to the plant, particularly during the critical stages of development. However, it is important to carefully select and apply the appropriate fertilizers to ensure maximum benefits.