Ber, also known as Indian jujube or Chinese date, is a small fruit-bearing tree that is widely cultivated for its delicious and nutritious fruits. To maximize the yield and quality of ber fruits, proper fertilization is essential. In this article, we will discuss the recommended fertilizer doses for growing ber trees.
Before applying fertilizers, it is crucial to conduct a soil test to assess the nutrient status and requirements of the ber tree. The soil test results will help determine the appropriate fertilizer doses needed for optimal growth and fruit production. Generally, ber trees require a well-drained soil with a pH range of 6.5 to 8.
Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) are the primary macronutrients required for the healthy growth of ber trees. Let’s delve into the recommended fertilizer doses for each specific nutrient:
1. Nitrogen (N): Nitrogen promotes vegetative growth and improves the overall vigor of the tree. Ber trees require nitrogen in relatively large quantities during their early growth stages. In the first year, apply a nitrogen-rich fertilizer, such as urea, at a rate of 50 to 75 grams per tree. As the tree matures, gradually increase the dose to 200 grams per tree per year. Split the doses and apply them in 2-3 equal installments during the growing season.
2. Phosphorus (P): Phosphorus plays a vital role in root development, flowering, and fruit production. Apply phosphorus-rich fertilizer, such as diammonium phosphate (DAP) or single superphosphate (SSP), at a rate of 100 grams per tree in the first year. Increase the dose to 250 grams per tree per year for mature trees. Apply the phosphorus fertilizer before the onset of the growing season or during early spring.
3. Potassium (K): Potassium enhances the quality, size, and taste of the ber fruits. Apply potassium-rich fertilizer, such as muriate of potash (MOP), at a rate of 100 grams per tree in the first year. Increase the dose to 200 grams per tree per year for mature trees. Split the doses and apply them before the flowering and fruiting stages.
Apart from the primary macronutrients, ber trees also require secondary macronutrients, such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S), along with micronutrients like zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu). These nutrients can be supplied through organic amendments like well-rotted compost, farmyard manure, or through foliar sprays using chelated micronutrient formulations.
To enhance the soil’s organic matter content and overall fertility, it is essential to regularly incorporate organic matter into the soil. This can be achieved by mulching with organic materials like straw, hay, or dried leaves. Mulching not only improves the soil structure but also helps conserve moisture and suppress weed growth.
In conclusion, providing the right fertilizer doses is crucial for achieving optimal yield and quality in ber fruits. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are the primary macronutrients required by ber trees, while secondary macronutrients and micronutrients should also be addressed. Remember to conduct regular soil tests to adjust the fertilizer doses according to the tree’s specific nutrient requirements. With proper fertilization and care, your ber tree will reward you with abundant, delicious fruits for years to come.