Fertilizer Dose of Bengal Gram: A Guide for Maximum Yield
Bengal gram, scientifically known as Cicer arietinum, is a nutritious and widely cultivated legume that is a staple in many regions of the world. This versatile crop not only enriches the soil by fixing atmospheric nitrogen but also serves as an excellent source of dietary protein for humans and animals alike. To obtain the highest yield of Bengal gram, it is important to provide the right amount and type of fertilizers throughout the crop’s growth cycle. In this article, we will explore the ideal fertilizer dose for Bengal gram that can ensure healthy plant growth and maximize productivity.
Before delving into the specifics of fertilization, it is essential to understand the nutrient requirements of Bengal gram. Like most crops, Bengal gram requires three primary nutrients – nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) – for optimal growth and development. In addition to these macronutrients, it also needs secondary nutrients such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S), as well as trace elements like zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn).
The fertilizer dose for Bengal gram can be divided into two major stages: pre-sowing and post-sowing.
1. Pre-Sowing Fertilizer Application:
Before sowing Bengal gram seeds, it is crucial to prepare the soil and provide essential nutrients. Here is a recommended fertilizer dose for pre-sowing:
a. Nitrogen (N): Apply 20-25 kg N per hectare of land, preferably in the form of 50-60 kg urea. N promotes vigorous vegetative growth in the early stages.
b. Phosphorus (P): Apply 40-50 kg P per hectare, usually in the form of 80-100 kg single superphosphate (SSP) or diammonium phosphate (DAP). Phosphorous stimulates root development and overall plant health.
c. Potassium (K): Apply 20-25 kg K per hectare using 40-50 kg of muriate of potash (MOP) or potassium sulfate (SOP). Potassium aids in photosynthesis, enhances disease resistance, and improves overall quality.
2. Post-Sowing Fertilizer Application:
Once Bengal gram seeds are sown, it is crucial to provide additional nutrients to support plant growth, flowering, and pod formation. The fertilizer dose during the post-sowing stage can be divided into two phases:
a. Basal Dose:
During this phase, apply the following fertilizers per hectare:
– Nitrogen (N): Top-dress with an additional 20-25 kg N, preferably using urea.
– Phosphorus (P): Apply 20-25 kg P per hectare using single superphosphate (SSP) or diammonium phosphate (DAP).
– Potassium (K): Apply 20-25 kg K per hectare through muriate of potash (MOP) or potassium sulfate (SOP).
b. Foliar Sprays:
Foliar sprays are beneficial during the flowering stage to overcome any nutrient deficiencies and ensure sufficient nutrient uptake. Use micronutrient-rich foliar fertilizers fortified with zinc, iron, and other essential elements to promote healthy flowering, pod setting, and weight gain.
Remember that these doses may vary slightly depending on specific soil conditions, climate, and crop variety. Therefore, it is advisable to consult local agricultural extension services or experts for more precise recommendations based on the specific region.
In conclusion, Bengal gram is a high-value leguminous crop that can offer impressive yields when properly nourished with the right fertilizers. By providing an adequate fertilizer dose during both the pre-sowing and post-sowing stages, farmers can ensure the healthy growth, development, and yield of Bengal gram. Regular monitoring of the crop’s nutrient requirements and making appropriate adjustments throughout the growth cycle is essential for maximizing productivity and reaping the benefits of this valuable crop.