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Bengal gram is an important pulse crop grown in various parts of India. It is also known as chana, gram or chickpea. Being a legume crop, it fixes nitrogen from the atmosphere, but it also requires essential nutrients for its growth and development. Fertilizer application plays a key role in optimizing the yield and quality of Bengal gram crop. In this article, we will discuss the fertilizer dose information of Bengal gram crop.
Fertilizer requirement:
The nutrient requirement of Bengal gram crop varies depending on the soil type, fertility level and growing conditions. However, as a general guideline, the recommended fertilizer dose for Bengal gram crop is as follows.
1. Nitrogen (N):
Bengal gram is a leguminous crop that has the ability to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere through its association with root nodules. Therefore, the nitrogen fertilizer requirement for Bengal gram crop is minimal. However, if the soil is deficient in nitrogen, a basal dose of 20-25 kg N per hectare can be applied at sowing time.
2. Phosphorus (P):
Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for the early growth and development of Bengal gram crop. The recommended fertilizer dose of phosphorus for Bengal gram crop is 40-50 kg P2O5 per hectare. This should be applied as a basal dose at sowing time.
3. Potassium (K):
Potassium is required for the proper growth and development of plants, particularly during the reproductive phase. For Bengal gram crop, the recommended fertilizer dose of potassium is 20-25 kg K2O per hectare. This can be applied as a basal dose at sowing time or as a top dressing after the first irrigation.
4. Micro-nutrients:
Apart from the major nutrients, Bengal gram crop also requires micro-nutrients, such as zinc, iron, copper and manganese, for its optimum growth and yield. These micro-nutrients can be supplied through the application of micronutrient-rich fertilizers or through foliar spray. The recommended dose of micronutrients for Bengal gram crop is 10 kg per hectare of a balanced micronutrient mixture.
Fertilizer application:
The fertilizers should be applied uniformly and at the right time to achieve maximum benefit. The fertilizer dose should be adjusted according to the soil type and fertility level. Here are some guidelines for fertilizer application in Bengal gram crop.
1. Basal dose:
The basal dose of fertilizers should be applied at sowing time. The recommended dose of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be mixed and applied in the furrow. The micronutrient mixture can also be applied at this stage.
2. Top-dressing:
The first top-dressing of potassium fertilizer should be applied after the first irrigation. The second top-dressing can be applied after 30-35 days of sowing. Any foliar spray of micronutrients should also be applied during this period.
Conclusion:
Bengal gram crop is an important pulse crop that requires adequate nutrient supply for its growth and development. The recommended fertilizer dose for Bengal gram crop is 20-25 kg N, 40-50 kg P2O5, and 20-25 kg K2O per hectare. The basal dose should be applied at sowing time, and the top-dressing of potassium fertilizer and micronutrient spray should be applied after the first irrigation. With proper fertilizer management, farmers can achieve maximum yield and quality of Bengal gram crop.