Groundnut, also known as peanut, is an important oilseed crop grown across the world. To achieve high yields and quality produce, the use of appropriate fertilizers is crucial. Proper fertilization can increase crop health, enhance growth and development, and improve yield potential. In this article, we will discuss the fertilization requirements for groundnut crop.
Soil Testing
Soil testing is the first step in determining the fertilizer requirements for groundnut crop. A good soil test will provide information on soil pH, macronutrient, and micronutrient levels. Based on the results, the soil’s nutrient deficiencies can be corrected by adding appropriate fertilizers.
Nitrogen (N)
Groundnut requires a moderate amount of nitrogen. The recommended dose for nitrogen is between 50-60 kg/ha. Adequate availability of nitrogen can lead to strong vegetative growth and better foliage development. Application of nitrogen for groundnut should be carried out in stages, with about 1/3 applied at planting, and the rest during the vegetative and pod-filling stage.
Phosphorus (P)
Phosphorus is essential for plant root development and energy transfer. Groundnut responds well to phosphorus, and the recommended dose is between 30-40 kg/ha during planting. Phosphorus can be applied in the form of superphosphate.
Potassium (K)
Potassium plays a vital role in maintaining plant turgidity and water uptake and improves groundnut’s resistance to pests and diseases. The recommended dose of potassium is between 40-50 kg/ha during planting. Potassium can be applied in the form of muriate of potash.
Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg)
Calcium and Magnesium are important secondary macronutrients required for plant growth. Adequate levels of both nutrients can improve groundnut yield and quality. The recommended dose of calcium is between 500-600 kg/ha, while magnesium is between 100-200 kg/ha.
Micronutrients
Apart from the macronutrients, micronutrients are essential for the healthy growth and development of groundnut. Boron (B) is the most critical micronutrient for groundnut, as it improves pollination, seed development and quality. The recommended dose of boron is between 2-3 kg/ha. Zinc (Zn) is another crucial micronutrient that improves groundnut yield and quality. The recommended dose for zinc is between 20-30 kg/ha.
Conclusion
To achieve high yields and quality produce, it’s essential to provide groundnut crop with appropriate fertilizers. The fertilization requirements for groundnut crop vary depending on soil conditions, climate, and other factors. Soil testing will provide guidance on the specific nutrient requirements of your soil. When applying fertilizers, it’s essential to use the right amount at the right time. Overuse of fertilizers can lead to environmental pollution, while underuse can result in poor yield and quality. Follow the recommended dose for each nutrient carefully, and you can achieve a bountiful harvest of groundnuts.