Stem borer is one of the most common pests that attack sugarcane crops. They cause extensive damage to the sugarcane stems leading to a reduction in yield and quality of the crop. As a sugarcane farmer, it’s essential to know how to control stem borers to ensure maximum yield and profitability. In this article, we’ll explore some of the ways to control stem borers in sugarcane.
One of the most effective ways to control stem borers is through cultural practices. These practices include proper crop rotation, timely harvesting, and maintenance of adequate plant density. Crop rotation helps to break the life cycle of the pest, reducing their population. Sugarcane should not be grown on a particular piece of land for more than two years.
Timely harvesting of sugarcane crops is crucial in reducing the population of the stem borers. Ensure that you do not leave the crops lying on the farm after harvesting, as this provides a breeding ground for the pests. A dense sugarcane crop canopy also provides favorable conditions for the pests to thrive. Proper spacing and weeding ensure that the plant density is optimum and minimize the damage due to stem borers.
Another effective way to control stem borers is through biological control. This method involves the introduction of natural enemies that feed on the pest, reducing their population. One of the natural enemies of stem borers is the Cotesia flavipes, a parasitoid wasp. These wasps lay their eggs inside the stem borer larvae, killing them in the process. Introducing these wasps to the sugarcane field can significantly reduce the pest population.
Chemical control using pesticides is also an effective way to control stem borers. However, this should only be used if other methods have failed to reduce the pest population. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions when using pesticides and ensure that you wear protective clothing to avoid contamination. Conduct regular monitoring of the field to determine the stage of the pest and appropriate time to spray.
In conclusion, controlling stem borers in sugarcane requires a proactive approach that combines various strategies. Employing crop rotation, biological control, and cultural practices can significantly reduce the pest population. Chemical control should only be used as a last resort. Always consult an agronomist or agricultural extension officer to get expert advice on the most appropriate control strategy for your sugarcane field.