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Cultivars of Strawberry Crop: A Comprehensive Understanding
Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa), as a nutritious and delicious fruit, is popular around the world. It is widely grown in both temperate and subtropical regions, and the cultivation of strawberry has become one of the most important sectors of the fruit industry. Cultivar is a critical factor that can influence the yield, fruit quality, and adaptability of the strawberry crop.
In this article, we will provide a comprehensive understanding of the cultivars of strawberry crop.
What are Cultivars?
A cultivar is a horticultural variety that is produced and maintained through repeated propagation by vegetative means, such as division, cuttings, and grafting. Cultivars are selected for specific desirable traits such as yield, fruit size, color, flavor, disease resistance, and ripening time.
Cultivar Classification of Strawberry Crop
Strawberry cultivars can be classified based on several criteria, such as day-neutrality, fruit type, origin, disease resistance, productivity, and environmental adaptation. Here are some of the cultivar types:
1. June-bearing cultivars: These plants produce one major crop of fruit in late spring or early summer, and a few runners in the fall. June-bearing cultivars are the most commonly grown types of strawberry, and they are mainly adapted to temperate regions.
2. Ever-bearing(Perpetual flowering) cultivars: These plants produce fruit throughout the growing season, from spring to fall, and usually with a reduced yield in the summer. Ever-bearing cultivars are ideal for areas with mild winters and are suitable for protected culture.
3. Day-neutral cultivars: These plants produce fruit continuously throughout the season regardless of the length of day or night. Day-neutral cultivars are adaptable to a wide range of environments and are suitable for both commercial and home garden use.
4. Wild or commercial/hybrid varieties: Wild varieties are the original types of strawberries, which later had been bred with other varieties to get hybrid plants with major productivity, size, disease resistance and other desirable traits. For example, the Camarosa and Albion cultivars are the product of crossing two strawberry cultivars.
5. Hybrid strawberies: Modern strawberry hybrids are bred for great fruit production, taste, transportation and sustainability. For instance, the Seascape cultivar is a hydrogenated form of the cultivar.
Choosing the Right Cultivar of Strawberry Crop
Choosing the right cultivar of strawberry crop is crucial for successful cultivation. Factors to consider include climate, soil type, personal preference, and market demands. It is best to select cultivars that are recommended for the local area or climate zone.
Conclusion
In conclusion, cultivar selection is a critical factor that influences the success of the strawberry crop. Choosing a cultivar that is adapted to the local environment and market demands can help ensure a profitable and fruitful harvest. Understanding the different types of cultivars is essential for choosing the right one for a successful strawberry crop.