Groundnut is an economically important crop due to its high nutritional value and versatile usage in various food industries. However, the cultivation of groundnut is often hindered by the infestation of pests and diseases, among which White Grub (Holotrichia spp.) is a major threat. White Grub is a soil-borne pest that feeds on the roots of groundnut and causes significant damage to the crop. In this article, we discuss the effective control measures to prevent White Grub infestation before sowing groundnut.
Identification of White Grub:
White Grub larvae are C-shaped, creamy white in color, and have brownish heads with six legs. They are typically found in the soil, often near the roots of plants. Adult White Grubs are beetles that are oval-shaped and brownish-black in color.
Control Measures:
1. Use of Bio-control agents: Several biocontrol agents like neem, Trichogramma, and Beauveria bassiana are effective in controlling White Grub. These agents are usually available in granular or powder form and can be applied to the soil before sowing.
2. Crop rotation and intercropping: Crop rotation and intercropping are effective methods to prevent White Grub infestation. Growing crops like maize, wheat, and sorghum before groundnut sowing can interrupt the life cycle of White Grub by preventing them from feeding on groundnut roots.
3. Soil Solarization: Soil solarization is a method of sterilizing the soil by exposing it to the sun’s heat. This process can kill White Grub larvae and other soil-borne pathogens.
4. Use of Chemical Pesticides: Chemical pesticides containing chlorpyrifos, fipronil, or imidacloprid can be used to control White Grub. However, the use of pesticides should be avoided as they can lead to water and soil pollution and have adverse effects on non-target organisms.
In conclusion, preventing White Grub infestation in groundnut before sowing is crucial to improve crop productivity. A combination of bio-control agents, crop rotation and intercropping, soil solarization, and judicious use of chemical pesticides can effectively control White Grub and protect the groundnut crop.