Sure, here’s an article on control of sheath blight in rice:
Control of Sheath Blight in Rice
Sheath blight is a serious fungal disease of rice crops that can cause significant yield losses. The disease is caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani and affects the leaf sheaths and stems of the rice plant. Symptoms of sheath blight include circular or elliptical lesions on the leaves, dark brown to black spots on the leaf sheaths, and the gradual withering and death of the affected plant parts.
Controlling sheath blight in rice requires a combination of cultural, biological, and chemical methods. Here are some strategies to consider:
Cultural practices
1. Crop rotation: Sheath blight can survive in the soil and infect rice for several years, so rotating crops with non-host plants can help reduce the buildup of the fungus.
2. Proper drainage: Standing water can create conditions favorable to fungal growth, so ensuring proper drainage in the field can reduce the risk of sheath blight.
3. Timely planting: Late-planted rice is often more susceptible to sheath blight, so planting on time can help reduce the risk of infection.
Biological control
1. Use of bioagents: Certain bacteria and fungi have been found to suppress the growth of Rhizoctonia solani and may be used as bioagents to control sheath blight.
2. Soil amendments: Applying organic matter like compost or vermi-compost can help improve soil health and suppress the growth of sheath blight.
Chemical control
1. Fungicides: Several fungicides are available for controlling sheath blight in rice. These should be applied when the symptoms first appear and should be repeated as necessary.
2. Plant extracts: Some plant extracts have been found to have fungicidal properties against Rhizoctonia solani and may be used as an alternative to synthetic fungicides.
While a combination of these control strategies is likely to be most effective, cultural and biological methods should be prioritized over chemical approaches whenever possible. By taking proactive measures to prevent the spread of sheath blight, farmers can maximize their rice yields and ensure food security for their communities.