Fungal diseases are a major hindrance to crop productivity and moong crops are no exception. Moong crop is susceptible to various fungal diseases such as powdery mildew, leaf spots, and blight. The control of these diseases can massively improve crop yields and quality. Here are some effective ways to control fungal disease in moong crops.
Crop Rotation: Crop rotation is a practical method that involves consistently changing the crops grown in a particular field every year. The rotation should involve introducing non-host crops like maize, sorghum, and pearl millet. This method limits the buildup of pathogens over time and minimizes the risk of disease occurrence.
Fertilization: A well-fertilized plant is less susceptible to fungal infection, especially if the plant receives enough nitrogen and potassium. These nutrients can be supplied through chemical fertilizers or manure.
Proper Irrigation and Drainage: Consistent moisture and aeration are essential in preventing fungal infections. In a moong crop, the plants should be irrigated regularly, with appropriate water management practices. Additionally, proper drainage and aeration are crucial in managing moisture levels within the soil. High moisture levels can lead to proliferation of fungal growth.
Fungicides: Although not preferred and recommended as the first line of defense, fungicides are crucial in suppressing fungal infections. A wide range of fungicides is available in the market, with varying chemical compositions and modes of action. Before using fungicides, it is essential to carry out further research and understand their specific chemical composition, characteristics, usage rate and weather conditions under which it can be used.
Use of Resistant Varieties: Moong crops susceptible to fungal infections should be replaced with resistant varieties. This method involves selecting and planting strains of moong that possess natural, genetic resistance traits to specific fungal infections. Plant breeding programs may have developed varieties that are resistant to specific types of fungal diseases, and it is essential to seek advice from plant nurseries.
In conclusion, controlling fungal disease in moong crops is an ongoing management process that requires consistent effort. It involves implementing a range of measures such as crop rotation, fertilization, proper irrigation and drainage, and the use of resistant varieties, among others. Adequate knowledge of these control methods can go a long way in managing the impact of fungal diseases on moong crops and overall production.