Control of fruit dropping in mango
Mango is one of the most popular and economically important fruits in the world, known for its sweet and juicy taste. However, one of the biggest challenges faced by mango growers is controlling the amount of fruit dropping that occurs during the growing season. In this article, we outline some of the techniques that can be used to manage this issue and increase the yield of mango crops.
Fruit dropping in mango can occur for a number of reasons, including insect damage, disease, physiological factors, and environmental stresses such as drought or excessive heat. It is important for growers to identify the primary cause of fruit dropping on their mango trees in order to implement effective control measures.
One of the most common causes of fruit dropping in mango is lack of pollination. Mango trees require cross-pollination to produce fruits, which means that pollen from one tree must be transferred to another tree of a different variety. If there are not enough pollinators in the area, or if the weather conditions are unfavorable for pollination, then fruit dropping can occur. This can be addressed by introducing more pollinators, such as bees, or by planting different varieties of mango trees that can cross-pollinate.
Another strategy for controlling fruit dropping in mango is to use chemical treatments. There are a variety of chemical sprays available that can help to prevent fruit dropping by regulating the hormonal balance of the tree. One such spray is ethephon, which is a synthetic plant growth regulator that can stimulate the production of ethylene, a hormone that triggers fruit ripening. By applying ethephon at the appropriate time during the growing season, growers can prevent premature fruit dropping and increase the yield of their mango trees.
In addition to chemical treatments, cultural practices can also be effective in controlling fruit dropping. This includes proper fertilization, irrigation, and pruning. Mango trees require a certain balance of nutrients, water, and light to thrive and produce fruits. Proper fertilization that includes the use of micronutrients, such as zinc and boron, can promote healthy growth and fruit production. Similarly, regular watering and pruning can help to maintain optimal tree health and minimize the risk of fruit dropping.
Finally, it is important for mango growers to pay attention to the environmental conditions in their area and take appropriate measures to protect their trees from extreme weather events. This can include providing shade during hot and dry periods, using windbreaks to protect against strong winds, and implementing irrigation systems to maintain moisture levels in the soil.
In conclusion, while fruit dropping in mango can be a frustrating problem for growers, there are a variety of techniques and strategies available for managing this issue. By identifying the primary cause of fruit dropping and implementing appropriate control measures, growers can increase the yield of their mango trees and ensure a successful harvest.