Calcium is an essential nutrient required for normal plant growth and development. Wheat, being a major staple food for millions of people worldwide, also requires calcium for its healthy growth and development. Calcium deficiency in wheat can lead to various disorders such as fruit/flower bud drop, stem/root rot, and reduced yield.
Control of calcium deficiency in wheat is crucial to maintain a healthy crop. Here are some methods that can be employed to ensure a sufficient supply of calcium to wheat plants:
1. Soil pH management: The pH of the soil plays a crucial role in determining the availability of calcium in the soil. An ideal soil pH range for normal growth and development of wheat is between 6.0 to 7.5. If the soil pH is too acidic or alkaline, it can restrict the absorption of calcium by the roots of the wheat plants. Therefore, it is essential to test the soil pH and manage it accordingly to ensure a sufficient supply of calcium to the plants.
2. Application of calcium-rich fertilizers: Calcium-rich fertilizers such as gypsum, superphosphate, dolomite, and lime can be applied in the soil to improve the calcium status of the soil. These fertilizers not only provide calcium but also help regulate soil pH, which indirectly promotes the absorption of calcium by the roots of wheat plants.
3. Foliar application of calcium: Foliar application of calcium is a quick and effective way to supply calcium to wheat plants when soil conditions are not favorable for adequate calcium uptake. Foliar sprays containing calcium nitrate or calcium chloride can be applied during the vegetative stage of wheat plants for better results.
4. Use of calcium-enhanced irrigation water: In areas where calcium is deficient, irrigation water can also be treated to improve the calcium content. Applying calcium-enhanced irrigation water to wheat crops can significantly enhance the calcium status of the soil, leading to better growth and development of plants.
In conclusion, control of calcium deficiency in wheat is critical to achieving healthy growth and development of plants. A combination of soil pH management, fertilization, foliar sprays, and irrigation water treatment can provide the necessary calcium required by wheat plants. With adequate care, farmers can ensure a healthy crop, and ultimately, food security for millions of people worldwide.