Fungal attack is a significant issue in chickpea crop cultivation which can result in severe crop losses and lower yields. Fungal diseases in chickpeas are majorly caused by several species of fungi such as Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Ascochyta spp., and Botrytis spp. The control measures for fungal diseases in chickpea crop are crucial to ensure a healthy and profitable harvest. Here’s a closer look at some of the control measures that can help prevent fungal attack in chickpeas.
1. Crop rotation: Crop rotation is a preventative measure that involves planting different crops in rotation to reduce the chances of fungal infection. This control measure can also help improve soil quality and fertility, thereby reducing the likelihood of fungal growth.
2. Use of resistant chickpea varieties: The use of chickpea varieties that are resistant to fungal diseases is another effective control measure. Planting resistant varieties can lower the risk of crop failure and minimize the reliance on chemical fungicides.
3. Fungicide application: The use of fungicides is another effective control measure for fungal attack in chickpea crops. However, fungicides should be used judiciously, and only after the correct diagnosis of the fungal disease. For example, products containing azoxystrobin, propiconazole, difenoconazole can be used to control Ascochyta blight.
4. Timely sowing: Chickpeas should be sown early in the planting season to prevent fungal infection. Late sowing may lead to the crop being exposed to fungal spores, and the likelihood of infection may increase.
5. Weed control: Proper weed management can help reduce the risk of fungal infection in chickpea crops. Weeds can serve as sources of fungal spores, and the removal of weeds can limit the spread of fungal diseases.
6. Proper storage: Proper storage of chickpeas is essential to prevent fungal infection during storage. Chickpeas should be dried thoroughly and stored in clean, dry conditions with good air circulation to prevent fungi growth.
In conclusion, controlling fungal attack in chickpea crops involves employing a combination of measures such as crop rotation, use of resistant varieties, fungicide application, timely sowing, weed control, and proper storage. The implementation of an integrated approach to control fungal diseases can help ensure a healthy and profitable harvest. Farmers should be aware of the different fungal diseases that can affect their crops, and take appropriate measures to prevent their spread.