As green gram crop is an important legume crop, it is susceptible to insect infestations. These insect pests can cause severe damage to the crop, resulting in significant yield losses. Therefore, it is important to implement effective control measures to manage insect populations in green gram crops. In this article, we will discuss some of the effective control measures for insects in green gram crops.
1. Crop rotation
Crop rotation is an effective way to control insects in green gram crops. Avoid planting green gram crop in the same field every year. Rotation of crops interrupts the pest cycles and reduces the chances of re-infestation. This can be achieved by planting a different crop that is not favourable for the insect pests.
2. Use resistant varieties
Planting resistant varieties of green gram is another effective way of controlling insect pests. Resistant varieties of green gram have the ability to tolerate insect pest attacks and can manage to produce a good yield despite the infestation. Therefore, it is important to choose a variety that has resistance to insect pests in your region.
3. Chemical control
The use of insecticides is another common method of controlling insect pests in green gram crops. However, this method should be carefully done, and the insecticides should be used according to the label instructions to avoid the risk of harm to non-target organisms and the environment. Some of the commonly used insecticides for controlling insect pests in green gram crops include Carbaryl, Malathion, Chlorpyrifos, and Pyrethroids.
4. Biological control
The use of biological control agents such as natural enemies, predators, and parasites is a sustainable approach to managing insect pests in green gram crops. These natural enemies can be introduced into the crop through certain methods such as releasing predators, intercropping and predator-friendly field practices. Biological control agents are safe and don’t cause harm to the environment, humans and to the crops.
5. Proper Field Sanitization
Proper field sanitation involves the removal of crop residue, weed, and debris from the crop and field. Removing these materials will help reduce the hiding places and shelter of insect pests. Also, it will improve the aeration and penetration of sunlight, which helps to dry out the soil and reduce moisture on the leaves of green gram plants.
In conclusion, effective management of insect pests in green gram crops is essential to achieve optimal yield. A combination of methods based on the physical, chemical, and biological control measures is the most effective way to manage these pests. By implementing these control measures, farmers can minimize the loss due to insect pests and optimize their yield.