Control Leaf Folder/Stem Borer in Paddy
Paddy or rice is one of the most important food crops globally, especially in Asia. However, the cultivation of this crop is often threatened by pests, and one of the most damaging pests is the leaf folder/stem borer. These pests, if left uncontrolled, can cause tremendous yield losses and even total crop failure. Therefore, it is essential to control these pests effectively to ensure a successful paddy harvest.
Identification of Leaf Folder/Stem Borer
Firstly, it is vital to correctly identify the pest insects, which can be challenging for beginners. Leaf folder or stem borer usually attack young plants first. Leaf folders are identified by the folding of young leaves, and stem borers are identified by the presence of typical bore holes in the stem. Both pests can lead to drying of stems, and hence it is essential to differentiate them as the control measures are different.
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Approach
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach should be taken to control leaf folder and stem borer in paddy. IPM is a sustainable approach using a combination of different pest control strategies. In an IPM program for paddy, various pest control measures should be incorporated in a systematic manner, mainly ;
1. Agronomic practices- Agronomic management practices like the use of resistant varieties, seed and soil treatment, and proper nutrient management can reduce the pest’s infestation severity.
2. Biological control- Encourage natural enemies like parasitoids and predators in the field. The cultural practices like field sanitation and crop rotation may also be helpful for biological control.
3. Chemical control- Agronomical measures and biological control alone may not provide sufficient control of the pests and result in the paddy yield decline. And, hence, the use of insecticides is sometimes unavoidable.
Chemical Control
Chemical control for leaf folder and stem borer in paddy can be done using contact insecticides (pyrethroids) and systemic insecticides (carbamates and organophosphates). The insecticide is sprayed in the paddy field either through conventional sprayers or aerial spray.
However, it is essential to carefully follow the recommended practices while doing the insecticide application in paddy fields. This is important to avoid the insect insects developing resistance to an insecticide or overuse of pesticides that are harmful to the environment and human health.
Conclusion
The Leaf Folder/Stem Borer in paddy can cause significant losses in paddy production. The situation calls for an integrated approach involving cultural, biological, and chemical control measures. Insecticides should be used only as one of the control measures, and their use should be as per the recommended practices. By doing so, we can effectively manage the Leaf Folder/Stem Borer pests in paddy crops and improve the production of this essential food crop.