Collar rot, also known as basal stem rot, is a common fungal disease that affects brinjal plants. It is caused by the fungus Sclerotium rolfsii, which thrives in warm and humid conditions. Collar rot can cause severe damage to the plant, leading to wilting, stunted growth, and ultimately death if left untreated.
The fungus infects the plant through wounds or openings in the stem near the soil line. Once inside the plant, it attacks the vascular tissue, disrupting the flow of water and nutrients. This results in the typical symptoms of collar rot, such as yellowing and wilting of leaves, darkening and softening of the stem near the soil line, and the formation of white cottony mycelium on the surface of the affected area.
To prevent collar rot in brinjal plants, it is important to practice good cultural practices in the garden. This includes ensuring proper spacing between plants to promote air circulation, avoiding overwatering and waterlogging, and using well-draining soil. It is also recommended to plant disease-resistant varieties of brinjal and to rotate crops regularly to prevent the buildup of pathogens in the soil.
If collar rot is detected in a brinjal plant, prompt action should be taken to prevent further spread of the disease. Infected plants should be removed and destroyed to prevent the fungus from spreading to other plants. Fungicides can also be used to control the disease, but they are most effective when used preventively or in the early stages of infection.
Overall, collar rot can be a serious threat to brinjal plants, but with proper care and attention, it can be prevented and managed effectively. By following good gardening practices and monitoring plants regularly for signs of disease, brinjal growers can protect their crops from collar rot and ensure a healthy harvest.