Black gram, also known as urad bean or black lentil, is an important legume crop grown in many regions of the world. Foliar application is a technique used to apply nutrients directly to the leaves of the plant, and it can have many benefits for black gram cultivation. Here are some key things to know about foliar application for black gram:
1. Benefits of foliar application
Foliar application of nutrients can be an effective way to provide black gram with the micronutrients it needs for growth and development. These nutrients can be absorbed directly by the leaves and used by the plant more efficiently than if they were applied through the soil. In addition, foliar application can help to correct nutrient deficiencies more quickly, as the nutrients are delivered directly to the plant’s tissues.
2. Recommended nutrients for foliar application
When foliar applying nutrients to black gram, it is important to choose the right nutrients for the job. Some important micronutrients for black gram include:
– Zinc: This nutrient is vital for protein synthesis and enzyme activity in plants. Deficiencies can lead to stunted growth and reduced yield. Apply 0.5-1% ZnSO4 to the foliage at vegetative and flowering stages.
– Boron: This nutrient is important for maintaining cell walls and regulating various metabolic processes in plants. Deficiencies can result in flower and fruit abortion and reduced yield. Apply 0.5% Borax to the foliage at pre-flowering stage.
– Manganese: Manganese is essential for photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism in plants. Deficiencies can lead to chlorosis, reduced plant vigor and yield. Apply 0.5% MnSO4 to the foliage at vegetative and flowering stage.
Overall, it is recommended to use a balanced micronutrient foliar spray that can be bought commercially.
3. Best timing for foliar application
Foliar application should be done at specific growth stages to maximize its benefits.Results are best when foliar application is done in the early morning or late afternoon to avoid high temperature and to give enough time to absorb the nutrients.
– Vegetative stage: Foliar spray should be applied when black gram is in its vegetative stage, around 20-30 days after sowing. This helps to ensure that the plant has the nutrients it needs to develop healthy leaves and stems.
– Pre-flowering stage: Foliar spray should be applied before flowering to improve the yield and flower retention and promote healthy reproductive process.
– Flowering stage: For black gram as a food source, it is recommended to apply micronutrient sprays during the reproductive stage of flowering to improve the quality and quantity of the produce.
4. Use caution with foliar application
While foliar application can be a useful technique for black gram cultivation, it is important to use caution when applying nutrients to the plant’s leaves. Too much fertilization can lead to leaf burn and other damage, so it is important to follow the application instructions carefully. In addition, it is important to use high-quality sprayers and to ensure that the spray is applied evenly and thoroughly for best results.
In conclusion, foliar application can be an effective way to provide black gram with the micronutrients it needs for healthy growth and high yield. With careful application timing and the right nutrients, black gram can be a profitable crop for farmers around the world.