Information and Control of Leaf Folder in Rice
Rice, as we all know, is one of the most important cereal crops in the world, feeding millions of people. However, rice farmers face a plethora of challenges, one of which is the leaf folder. A leaf folder is a serious pest that attacks rice plants, which affects the crop yield. In this article, we will discuss information and control of leaf folder in rice.
Identification of Leaf Folder
Leaf folder is a small, light green, narrow-bodied type of moth, with a wingspread of about 18mm. The female moth has a pointed abdomen to guide the egg-laying process. The eggs are first laid on the leaves, and then afterwards, small white larvae hatch, which forms tubes around the leaves.
Life Cycle of Leaf Folder
The life cycle of a leaf folder starts with the moth laying eggs on the underside of rice leaves. The larvae hatch and immediately start feeding, folding the leaves of the host plant. After thirty days, the larvae pupate, and emerge as adult moths.
Identification of the Damage
The damage caused by leaf folder larvae manifests as folded rice leaves, which become distorted in shape and size. The affected plants exhibit slow growth and gradually develop yellow or brown leaf tips.
Control of Leaf Folder
Several control measures are available for farmers to control the infestation of leaf folders.
Cultural Control Methods
Crop rotation, early harvesting, and deep plowing can help control this pest. In between cropping seasons, cultivation of alternative crops can break the lifecycle of leaf folders.
Chemical Control Methods
Pesticides are widely used to control leaf folders. Insecticides must be released early in the morning, and the leaves must be sprayed beneath or within the rolled leaves.
Biological Control Methods
Predatory insects such as spiders, ladybirds, and parasitoids, including Trichogramma chilonis, can control leaf folders.
Conclusion
Leaf folder can significantly reduce rice yields, if not controlled properly, resulting in economic losses for farmers. It is crucial to identify pest damage early on and apply preventive methods as soon as possible. By using a combination of cultural, chemical, and biological control methods, farmers can reduce the damage caused by leaf folders in their crops and maximize their yields.