Of all the herbs and spices used in cooking, few are as versatile and beloved as coriander. Whether it’s used as a garnish, a seasoning, or a key ingredient in a recipe, coriander provides a distinctive flavor and aroma that has made it a staple of kitchens around the world. But did you know that there are actually several different varieties of coriander? Here’s what you need to know about some of the most commonly used types.
1. Indian Coriander
As the name suggests, Indian coriander is a variety of coriander that is commonly used in Indian cuisine. It has a warm, citrusy flavor that adds depth and complexity to dishes like curries, chutneys, and dal. Indian coriander is also known for its high oil content, which makes it ideal for use in essential oils and perfumes.
2. Mexican Coriander
Also known as cilantro, Mexican coriander has a distinctively fresh, tangy flavor that is a favorite in Mexican, Latin American, and Caribbean dishes. It’s often used as a garnish for tacos, burritos, and other dishes, but it can also be cooked into stews, salsas, and soups. Mexican coriander can be divisive, however, as some people find its pungent flavor and aroma overpowering.
3. European Coriander
European coriander, also known as Moroccan or Mediterranean coriander, has a slightly milder flavor than Indian or Mexican coriander. It’s often used in European and Middle Eastern cuisine in dishes like hummus, couscous, and roasted meats. European coriander seeds are also used to flavor liqueurs like Chartreuse and gin.
4. Thai Coriander
Also known as Vietnamese coriander or laksa leaf, Thai coriander has a refreshing, slightly bitter, and spicy flavor that is commonly used in Thai, Malaysian, and Vietnamese dishes. It’s considered a staple ingredient in laksa, a spicy noodle soup, as well as curries and salads. Thai coriander is also used as a traditional medicinal herb to treat ailments like stomachaches, fever, and headaches.
5. Chinese Coriander
Chinese coriander, also known as hu sui, has a more intense and peppery flavor than other varieties of coriander. It’s commonly used in Chinese and Taiwanese cuisine in dishes like hot pot, stir-fries, and soups. Chinese coriander is also believed to have medicinal properties and is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat digestive problems and fever.
Whether you’re a home cook looking to expand your culinary repertoire or a professional chef experimenting with new flavors and ingredients, there’s a coriander variety out there that’s right for you. Try them all and discover the unique flavors and aromas that each one brings to your dishes.