Yellowing of wheat after irrigation is a common problem faced by farmers, especially in heavy soils. This is because heavy soils tend to retain more moisture and may become waterlogged after irrigation, leading to poor root growth and development. As a result, the plant struggles to take up nutrients from the soil, leading to yellowing or chlorosis.
The yellowing of wheat plants is due to a lack of chlorophyll production, which is essential for photosynthesis. Chlorophyll contains magnesium, which is required for the conversion of light energy into chemical energy, allowing plant growth and development. When the soil becomes waterlogged, root respiration is reduced, making it more difficult for the plant to take up magnesium from the soil. In addition, the excess moisture can cause magnesium to leach out of the soil, exacerbating the problem.
Another factor contributing to yellowing of wheat plants is the accumulation of salts in the soil. Heavy soils tend to have high levels of salt, which can build up over time if drainage is poor. The accumulation of salts in the soil can affect plant growth by reducing the availability of water and nutrients, making it harder for the plant to photosynthesize. This can result in yellowing of leaves and stunted growth.
To prevent yellowing of wheat plants after irrigation, farmers should ensure adequate drainage in heavy soils. This can be achieved by providing good soil structure or using subsurface drainage systems to remove excess water. In addition, farmers can avoid irrigation during periods of high rainfall when the soil is already wet. This will help prevent waterlogging and reduce the risk of salt accumulation.
Farmers can also manage yellowing of wheat through fertilization. Applying fertilizer containing magnesium can help replenish the nutrient in the soil and improve plant growth. Furthermore, using organic fertilizers such as compost and manure can improve soil structure and enhance the soil’s ability to retain moisture.
In conclusion, yellowing of wheat after irrigation in heavy soils is a significant challenge faced by farmers. It is caused by a lack of magnesium uptake due to waterlogging and excess moisture, and accumulation of salts in the soil. However, by improving drainage, fertilization, and soil structure, farmers can manage the problem and promote healthy growth of wheat plants.