Bitter gourd, also known as bitter melon or karela, is a popular vegetable in many parts of the world due to its distinct bitter taste and numerous health benefits. If you are planning to grow bitter gourd in your garden, it is essential to know the right sowing time, seed rate, and spacing to ensure a successful harvest.
Sowing Time:
Bitter gourd is a warm-season vegetable that thrives in hot and humid climates. The best time to sow bitter gourd seeds is in the spring or early summer when the soil temperature is around 70°F (21°C) or higher. In cooler regions, bitter gourd can be grown in a greenhouse or using heated seed trays to provide the necessary warmth for germination.
Seed Rate:
The recommended seed rate for bitter gourd is 2-3 seeds per hill or planting hole. Bitter gourd seeds are large and should be sown directly into the soil at a depth of 1 inch (2.5 cm). It is important to space the seeds evenly to ensure proper growth and avoid overcrowding.
Spacing:
Bitter gourd plants are vigorous climbers that require ample space to grow and produce healthy fruits. The spacing between bitter gourd plants depends on the variety and trellising method used. In general, bitter gourd plants should be spaced 12-18 inches (30-45 cm) apart in rows that are 4-6 feet (1.2-1.8 m) apart.
For vining varieties, a trellis or support system should be provided for the plants to climb and prevent the fruits from rotting on the ground. For bush varieties, plants can be allowed to sprawl on the ground but should still be spaced adequately to promote air circulation and prevent overcrowding.
In conclusion, knowing the right sowing time, seed rate, and spacing for bitter gourd is essential for a successful harvest. By following these guidelines, you can grow healthy bitter gourd plants and enjoy a bountiful crop of this unique and nutritious vegetable.