Brown plant hopper (BPH) is a major pest that attacks paddy plants, which leads to severe yield losses. It is crucial to implement effective control measures to prevent the outbreak of BPH infestation in paddy fields.
The BPH feeds on young rice plants by sucking sap from the stem and leaf sheaths. This can cause severe wilting and stunting of the plants, leading to reduced grain formation and ultimately, lower yields. Hence, it is important to initiate control measures early to prevent substantial damage to the crop.
The first step in controlling BPH is to ensure proper field management practices. Farmers should use high-quality seeds, avoid over-crowding the crop, and use adequate fertilizer for proper growth. Additionally, regular and timely irrigation is important, especially during the BPH-infestation period. Continuous flooding of the field can also help to control BPH infestation.
Insecticide usage is the most common method of BPH control in paddy fields. However, excessive use of insecticides can result in the development of pesticide resistance among BPH populations. Farmers are advised to use only recommended insecticides and follow the recommended dosage rates to avoid the development of pesticide resistance.
Another effective control method is the use of biological agents such as predatory insects, spiders, and parasitoids. These organisms can help to control BPH populations naturally. Farmers should also consider planting companion crops such as marigold, which assists in repelling BPH infestation.
Lastly, farmers can also use cultural control measures such as regular weeding and bund cleaning to help prevent BPH populations from thriving. This helps to create an unfavorable environment for BPH infestation and reduces the chances of damage to the crop.
In conclusion, BPH control in paddy fields requires a combination of different methods, including field management practices, insecticide use, use of biological agents, and cultural control measures. Farmers need to be vigilant and continuously monitor their fields for the presence of BPH infestation to implement timely control measures. Effective control of BPH can help to ensure high crop yields, and ultimately, a better livelihood for farmers.