Black gram, scientifically known as Vigna mungo, is an annual legume widely cultivated throughout India. It is commonly referred to as Mah and is highly versatile in the culinary world. With a rich history and great economic importance in India, black gram is a staple crop for millions of farmers. However, choosing the right variety plays a crucial role in ensuring a successful yield. In this article, we will explore some of the most suitable varieties of black gram (Mah) for cultivation.
1. T9 (TNAU Blackgram 9): Developed by the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), T9 is a popular variety widely cultivated in southern states. This variety is known for its excellent yield potential, rich taste, and high tolerance to pests and diseases. Additionally, T9 has good resistance to yellow mosaic virus, one of the most common threats to black gram crops.
2. ADT 3 (Co 6): Another renowned variety, ADT 3, is recommended for cultivation in Tamil Nadu and other southern regions. It is known for its adaptability to various soil types and exceptional lodging resistance. ADT 3 has a short duration and high yield potential, making it a favored choice for farmers.
3. K 1: Developed by the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), K 1 is widely grown in the northern parts of India. It exhibits resistance against various diseases and pests, making it suitable for areas prone to such issues. K 1 has a high protein content and excellent milling quality, making it desirable for both commercial and household use.
4. Type 9 (IC-396201): This variety has gained popularity due to its uniform maturity and high resilience to diseases like powdery mildew and yellow mosaic virus. Type 9 offers good yield potential and thrives in both rain-fed and irrigated conditions. It is suitable for cultivation in several states, including Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
5. LBG 20: LBG 20 stands out for its tolerance to drought and waterlogging. This variety exhibits good resistance to yellow mosaic virus, powdery mildew, and other common diseases. LBG 20 has a high yield potential and is preferred for cultivation in central and eastern parts of India.
6. TAU 1 (TU 94-2): Developed by the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, TAU 1 has excellent cooking quality and taste. It possesses resistance against various diseases and pests, including yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew. TAU 1 is suitable for cultivation in Tamil Nadu and neighboring states.
When choosing a black gram variety, it is crucial to consider factors such as environmental conditions, disease prevalence, and local market demands. These recommended varieties have been selected for their outstanding characteristics and are widely accepted by farmers across different regions. However, farmers should consult with agricultural experts or local extension agents to determine the best-suited variety based on their specific requirements and constraints. With the right choice of black gram variety, farmers can achieve exceptional yields and contribute to the overall growth of the agricultural sector.