Manganese is an essential micronutrient required for the healthy growth and development of wheat crops. However, manganese deficiency can occur due to several factors such as soil pH, soil organic matter content, excess irrigation, or improper fertilization practices. Manganese deficiency can result in delayed seedling emergence, yellowing of leaves, reduced tillering, barren spikes, and poor grain development.
To control manganese deficiency in wheat crop, it is essential to take certain measures such as:
1. Soil testing: The first step towards controlling manganese deficiency is to test the soil for its pH level and manganese content. If the soil pH is above 7.0, it may hinder the absorption of manganese by the wheat plants. In such cases, it is recommended to apply soil amendments such as sulfur to lower the soil pH level. Likewise, the soil manganese level should also be measured, and if the level is low, it is suggested to add manganese fertilizers in the form of manganese sulfate or chelated manganese.
2. Proper fertilization: The use of balanced fertilization is critical for the control of manganese deficiency. Wheat crops require adequate nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for their optimal growth and development. However, excessive fertilization of these nutrients can limit the absorption of manganese and lead to its deficiency. It is suggested to use slow-release fertilizers that gradually release the nutrients to avoid stressing the wheat plants and ensure steady nutrient availability.
3. Proper irrigation: Over-irrigation can reduce the uptake of manganese by the wheat plants as it promotes the leaching of the nutrient from the soil. Therefore, it is important to maintain proper irrigation practices and ensure that the soil moisture is maintained at optimal levels for the wheat crop.
4. Foliar sprays: Foliar application of manganese micronutrient spray is an effective means of controlling manganese deficiency in wheat crops. Foliar sprays provide fast and direct absorption of the nutrient by the wheat plants, resulting in better growth and development. However, it should be used in optimal concentration and at the right time to avoid any adverse effects on the wheat crop.
In conclusion, manganese deficiency can be detrimental to the growth and development of the wheat crop, resulting in reduced yield and poor quality grains. Therefore, timely measures such as soil testing, proper fertilization, irrigation, and foliar sprays should be prioritized to control manganese deficiency and ensure healthy growth and development of wheat crops.