Foliar spray is a method of application of fertilizers and plant growth regulators directly to the leaves of crops. This method can have a significant impact on the yield of crops, wheat being no exception. In this article, we will discuss how foliar spray can increase grain yield of wheat.
Foliar spray can help wheat crops in different ways. One of the most important uses of foliar spray is to provide essential nutrients to the crop. Nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can be directly administered to the leaves of the wheat plants. This helps to overcome the limitations of nutrient uptake by the roots due to soil conditions, high soil pH or lack of moisture. The foliar application helps to overcome any nutrient deficiency in the plant, which helps to increase its productivity.
Foliar spray can also help to regulate the growth of wheat plants. Plant growth regulators such as gibberellic acid or cytokinins are used in foliar sprays. These plant hormones influence the physiological processes inside the plant, resulting in more vigorous growth. They stimulate stem elongation and increase the number of tillers, which helps increase the number of spikes. This ultimately leads to an increase in the number of grains produced, thereby enhancing the yield of wheat grains.
Foliar spray helps to reduce the impact of environmental stress on the crop. Supplementary irrigation through foliar spray can help to address the moisture stress of the crop during critical stages of growth. High temperature and exposure to UV radiation can also cause stress to the crop. Foliar spray of certain compounds like salicylic acid and triacontanol has been found effective in reducing the adverse effects of environmental stress by regulating the biochemical mechanism within the crop.
Foliar spray is also regarded as an efficient method of delivering copper and zinc micronutrients to the wheat crop. These micronutrients play a vital role in ensuring healthy growth of wheat plants. They help in controlling pathogen attack, improving plant growth, and enhancing the nutritional quality of grains.
In conclusion, foliar spray is a useful tool for increasing the grain yield of wheat. It provides essential nutrients, promotes plant growth, addresses environmental stress, and ensures micronutrient supply. However, farmers should seek expert advice before using foliar spray as it is important to understand the timing, composition, and the concentration of the spray that is required for optimal crop growth and yield.